Luke 5:30

Authorized King James Version

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But their scribes and Pharisees murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with publicans and sinners?

Original Language Analysis

καὶ But G2532
καὶ But
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 21
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἐγόγγυζον murmured G1111
ἐγόγγυζον murmured
Strong's: G1111
Word #: 2 of 21
to grumble
οἱ G3588
οἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 21
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
γραμματεῖς scribes G1122
γραμματεῖς scribes
Strong's: G1122
Word #: 4 of 21
a professional writer
αὐτοῦ, his G846
αὐτοῦ, his
Strong's: G846
Word #: 5 of 21
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
καὶ But G2532
καὶ But
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 6 of 21
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
οἱ G3588
οἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 7 of 21
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Φαρισαῖοι Pharisees G5330
Φαρισαῖοι Pharisees
Strong's: G5330
Word #: 8 of 21
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
πρὸς against G4314
πρὸς against
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 9 of 21
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
τοὺς G3588
τοὺς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 10 of 21
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
μαθητὰς disciples G3101
μαθητὰς disciples
Strong's: G3101
Word #: 11 of 21
a learner, i.e., pupil
αὐτοῦ, his G846
αὐτοῦ, his
Strong's: G846
Word #: 12 of 21
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
λέγοντες, saying G3004
λέγοντες, saying
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 13 of 21
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
Διατί Why G1302
Διατί Why
Strong's: G1302
Word #: 14 of 21
through what cause ?, i.e., why?
μετὰ with G3326
μετὰ with
Strong's: G3326
Word #: 15 of 21
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
τελωνῶν publicans G5057
τελωνῶν publicans
Strong's: G5057
Word #: 16 of 21
a tax-farmer, i.e., collector of public revenue
καὶ But G2532
καὶ But
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 17 of 21
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἁμαρτωλῶν sinners G268
ἁμαρτωλῶν sinners
Strong's: G268
Word #: 18 of 21
sinful, i.e., a sinner
ἐσθίετε do ye eat G2068
ἐσθίετε do ye eat
Strong's: G2068
Word #: 19 of 21
used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by g5315; to eat (usually literal)
καὶ But G2532
καὶ But
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 20 of 21
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
πίνετε; drink G4095
πίνετε; drink
Strong's: G4095
Word #: 21 of 21
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

Scribes Pharisees murmured against disciples saying Why do ye eat drink with publicans sinners. Scribes grammateis Torah experts. Pharisees Pharisaioi separatists. Murmured egongyzton grumbled complained. Against disciples pros targeted complaint. Saying legontes articulating objection. Why dia ti what reason. Eat drink commensality table fellowship. With meta in company of. Publicans sinners hamartōlōn morally compromised. Table fellowship in first century signified acceptance intimacy. Pharisees separated from sinners to maintain purity. Jesus approach opposite. Came to seek save lost. Grace reaches sinners not righteous. Reformed theology emphasizes God initiative in salvation seeking lost sheep.

Historical Context

Jewish purity laws required separation from Gentiles sinners ceremonially unclean. Pharisees extreme in application. Built fence around Torah to prevent violation. Jesus consistently violated these traditions not Torah itself but human additions. Eating with sinners became major criticism. Later Peter struggled with this Antioch (Gal 2). Early church had to overcome Jewish scruples about Gentile fellowship. Acts 15 Council resolved issue. Modern church sometimes similar struggles who is acceptable who should be kept at distance. Gospel demands both holiness and compassion maintaining truth while reaching lost.

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