Luke 20:10

Authorized King James Version

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And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.

Original Language Analysis

καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 23
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἐν at G1722
ἐν at
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 2 of 23
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
καιρῷ the season G2540
καιρῷ the season
Strong's: G2540
Word #: 3 of 23
an occasion, i.e., set or proper time
ἀπέστειλεν he sent G649
ἀπέστειλεν he sent
Strong's: G649
Word #: 4 of 23
set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively
πρὸς to G4314
πρὸς to
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 5 of 23
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
τοὺς G3588
τοὺς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 6 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
γεωργοὶ the husbandmen G1092
γεωργοὶ the husbandmen
Strong's: G1092
Word #: 7 of 23
a land-worker, i.e., farmer
δοῦλον a servant G1401
δοῦλον a servant
Strong's: G1401
Word #: 8 of 23
a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a qualified sense of subjection or subserviency)
ἵνα that G2443
ἵνα that
Strong's: G2443
Word #: 9 of 23
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
ἀπὸ of G575
ἀπὸ of
Strong's: G575
Word #: 10 of 23
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 11 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
καρποῦ the fruit G2590
καρποῦ the fruit
Strong's: G2590
Word #: 12 of 23
fruit (as plucked), literally or figuratively
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 13 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀμπελῶνος of the vineyard G290
ἀμπελῶνος of the vineyard
Strong's: G290
Word #: 14 of 23
a vineyard
δῶσιν they should give G1325
δῶσιν they should give
Strong's: G1325
Word #: 15 of 23
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
αὐτὸν him G846
αὐτὸν him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 16 of 23
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
οἱ G3588
οἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 17 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
δὲ but G1161
δὲ but
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 18 of 23
but, and, etc
γεωργοὶ the husbandmen G1092
γεωργοὶ the husbandmen
Strong's: G1092
Word #: 19 of 23
a land-worker, i.e., farmer
δείραντες beat G1194
δείραντες beat
Strong's: G1194
Word #: 20 of 23
properly, to flay, i.e., (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash
αὐτὸν him G846
αὐτὸν him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 21 of 23
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἐξαπέστειλαν and sent him away G1821
ἐξαπέστειλαν and sent him away
Strong's: G1821
Word #: 22 of 23
to send away forth, i.e., (on a mission) to despatch, or (peremptorily) to dismiss
κενόν empty G2756
κενόν empty
Strong's: G2756
Word #: 23 of 23
empty (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty—"At the season" (καιρῷ, kairō) indicates the appointed time for harvest and payment. The owner's request through his "servant" (δοῦλον, doulon) was entirely legitimate—he sought the fruit (καρποῦ, karpou) that was rightfully his. The servants represent the prophets God sent to Israel calling for righteousness, justice, and covenant faithfulness.

The tenants' response—they "beat" (δείραντες, deirantes, flogged, struck) the servant and sent him away "empty" (κενόν, kenon, with nothing)—reveals rebellion masquerading as management. This wasn't mere failure to produce fruit but violent rejection of the owner's rights. The beating symbolizes Israel's persecution of the prophets (1 Kings 19:10, Nehemiah 9:26, Jeremiah 37:15, 2 Chronicles 36:15-16). Rejection of God's messengers reveals rejection of God Himself. The empty-handed servant testifies against the tenants—they produced fruit but refused to share it with its rightful owner.

Historical Context

Israel's history chronicles persistent rejection of God's prophets. Jeremiah was beaten and imprisoned (Jeremiah 20:2, 37:15). Zechariah was stoned in the temple courts (2 Chronicles 24:20-21). Elijah fled Jezebel's murderous rage (1 Kings 19:1-3). Jesus later declared, "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee" (Matthew 23:37). The religious establishment consistently opposed prophets who called for reform and challenged corrupt leadership.

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