Luke 2:43

Authorized King James Version

And when they had fulfilled the days, as they returned, the child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem; and Joseph and his mother knew not of it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
τελειωσάντων
G5048
when they had fulfilled
to complete, i.e., (literally) accomplish, or (figuratively) consummate (in character)
#3
τὰς
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
ἡμέρας
G2250
the days
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#5
ἐν
G1722
as
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#6
τῷ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
ὑποστρέφειν
G5290
returned
to turn under (behind), i.e., to return (literally or figuratively)
#8
αὐτοῦ
G846
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#9
ὑπέμεινεν
G5278
tarried behind
to stay under (behind), i.e., remain; figuratively, to undergo, i.e., bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere
#10
Ἰησοῦς
G2424
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#11
ὁ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
παῖς
G3816
the child
a boy (as often beaten with impunity), or (by analogy), a girl, and (genitive case) a child; specially, a slave or servant (especially a minister to a
#13
ἐν
G1722
as
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#14
Ἰερουσαλήμ
G2419
Jerusalem
hierusalem (i.e., jerushalem), the capitol of palestine
#15
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
οὐκ
G3756
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#17
ἔγνω
G1097
knew
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
#18
Ἰωσὴφ
G2501
Joseph
joseph, the name of seven israelites
#19
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
ἡ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
μήτηρ
G3384
mother
a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)
#22
αὐτοῦ
G846
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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