Luke Chapter 10 · Verse 38
Now it came to pass, as they went, that he entered into a certain village: and a certain woman named Martha received him into her house.
Original Language Analysis
Ἐγένετο
it came to pass
G1096
Ἐγένετο
it came to pass
Strong's:
G1096
Word #:
1 of 23
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
τῷ
G3588
τῷ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
4 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πορεύεσθαι
went
G4198
πορεύεσθαι
went
Strong's:
G4198
Word #:
5 of 23
to traverse, i.e., travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively, die), live, etc.)
αὑτῆς
he
G846
αὑτῆς
he
Strong's:
G846
Word #:
6 of 23
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
καὶ
that
G2532
καὶ
that
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
7 of 23
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
αὑτῆς
he
G846
αὑτῆς
he
Strong's:
G846
Word #:
8 of 23
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
εἰς
into
G1519
εἰς
into
Strong's:
G1519
Word #:
10 of 23
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
ὀνόματι
named
G3686
ὀνόματι
named
Strong's:
G3686
Word #:
16 of 23
a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character)
ὑπεδέξατο
received
G5264
ὑπεδέξατο
received
Strong's:
G5264
Word #:
18 of 23
to admit under one's roof, i.e., entertain hospitably
αὑτῆς
he
G846
αὑτῆς
he
Strong's:
G846
Word #:
19 of 23
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
εἰς
into
G1519
εἰς
into
Strong's:
G1519
Word #:
20 of 23
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
τὸν
G3588
τὸν
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
21 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Historical Context
First-century Middle Eastern hospitality was sacred duty and cultural expectation. Receiving traveling teachers (rabbis) was considered meritorious, providing opportunity to hear teaching while fulfilling covenant obligations to care for God's servants. Women typically managed household affairs including food preparation, though public teaching of women by rabbis was unusual. Martha's receiving Jesus into her home demonstrated both faith (recognizing Him as worthy teacher) and courage (risking Pharisaic criticism for associating with this controversial rabbi).
Questions for Reflection
- How does Martha's initiative in welcoming Jesus demonstrate genuine faith and devotion despite her later distraction?
- What does this passage teach about the relationship between active service and contemplative worship in the Christian life?
- In what ways might our service for Jesus become a distraction from intimacy with Jesus?
Analysis & Commentary
Now it came to pass, as they went, that he entered into a certain village: and a certain woman named Martha received him into her house. The phrase en tō poreuesthai autous (ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι αὐτούς, "as they went") places this event during Jesus' journey toward Jerusalem and crucifixion (9:51). The village is Bethany (John 11:1), about two miles from Jerusalem, home of siblings Martha, Mary, and Lazarus.
The name Martha (Μάρθα, from Aramaic מַרְתָּא, "lady" or "mistress") indicates her position as household head—possibly the eldest or a widow managing the family property. The verb hypedexato (ὑπεδέξατο, "received") means to welcome as a guest, showing deliberate hospitality. Martha takes initiative, opening her home to Jesus and His disciples—a costly, risky act of devotion requiring substantial food preparation and accommodation for potentially thirteen men.
Martha's hospitality is commendable; Jesus doesn't condemn service but corrects misplaced priorities (vv. 41-42). The contrast between Martha and Mary illustrates the tension between doing and being, between active service and contemplative worship. Both are necessary, but worship must take precedence. This account balances the Good Samaritan parable (vv. 25-37), which emphasized active love. Together they teach: love God supremely (Mary's choice), then serve neighbor actively (the Samaritan's example). Reversed priorities—service without intimate relationship with Christ—lead to burnout, resentment, and joyless religion.