Judges 8:33

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And it came to pass, as soon as Gideon was dead, that the children of Israel turned again, and went a whoring after Baalim, and made Baal-berith their god.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְהִ֗י H1961
וַיְהִ֗י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 15
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ H834
כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 15
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
מֵ֣ת was dead H4191
מֵ֣ת was dead
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 3 of 15
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
גִּדְע֔וֹן And it came to pass as soon as Gideon H1439
גִּדְע֔וֹן And it came to pass as soon as Gideon
Strong's: H1439
Word #: 4 of 15
gidon, an israelite
וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ turned again H7725
וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ turned again
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 5 of 15
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
בְּנֵ֣י that the children H1121
בְּנֵ֣י that the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 6 of 15
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 7 of 15
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וַיִּזְנ֖וּ and went a whoring H2181
וַיִּזְנ֖וּ and went a whoring
Strong's: H2181
Word #: 8 of 15
to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (
אַֽחֲרֵ֣י after H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֣י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 9 of 15
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
הַבְּעָלִ֑ים Baalim H1168
הַבְּעָלִ֑ים Baalim
Strong's: H1168
Word #: 10 of 15
baal, a phoenician deity
וַיָּשִׂ֧ימוּ and made H7760
וַיָּשִׂ֧ימוּ and made
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 11 of 15
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
לָהֶ֛ם H0
לָהֶ֛ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 15
בַּ֥עַל H0
בַּ֥עַל
Strong's: H0
Word #: 13 of 15
בְּרִ֖ית Baalberith H1170
בְּרִ֖ית Baalberith
Strong's: H1170
Word #: 14 of 15
baal-berith, a special deity of the shechemites
לֵֽאלֹהִֽים׃ their god H430
לֵֽאלֹהִֽים׃ their god
Strong's: H430
Word #: 15 of 15
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis & Commentary

As soon as Gideon was dead (כַּאֲשֶׁר מֵת גִּדְעוֹן, ka'asher met gid'on)—the temporal phrase emphasizes immediacy; Israel's apostasy followed instantly upon Gideon's death. The children of Israel turned again (שָׁבוּ, shavu)—the same verb used for 'repentance' here describes returning to sin. Went a whoring after Baalim repeats the language from verse 27, creating a tragic inclusio: they went whoring after Gideon's ephod, and now after the Baals themselves.

Made Baal-berith their god (בַּעַל בְּרִית, 'Lord of the Covenant')—the supreme irony. Israel replaces Yahweh, the true Covenant LORD, with a Canaanite deity whose title usurps God's own covenant name. Baal-berith was apparently worshiped at Shechem (9:4), Abimelech's mother's hometown. The ephod that ensnared Gideon's house now facilitates national idolatry. This demonstrates the tragic pattern of Judges: each generation's compromises become the next generation's apostasy. What starts as questionable practice hardens into outright rebellion.

Historical Context

Baal-berith ('Baal of the Covenant') or El-berith ('God of the Covenant,' 9:46) was likely a syncretistic deity combining Canaanite Baal worship with covenant language borrowed from Yahwism—the worst kind of religious mixture. Shechem's temple to this god (9:4, 46) became a center for this apostate worship, perverting the site where Joshua had renewed the covenant (Joshua 24).

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Study Resources