Judges 21:8

Authorized King James Version

And they said, What one is there of the tribes of Israel that came not up to Mizpeh to the LORD? And, behold, there came none to the camp from Jabesh-gilead to the assembly.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ
And they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
מִ֗י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#3
אֶחָד֙
What one
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#4
מִשִּׁבְטֵ֣י
is there of the tribes
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
#5
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#6
אֲשֶׁ֛ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#8
עָלָ֥ה
that came not up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
יְהוָ֖ה
to the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#11
הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה
to Mizpeh
mitspah, the name of two places in palestine
#12
וְ֠הִנֵּה
lo!
#13
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#14
בָא
And behold there came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#15
אִ֧ישׁ
none
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#16
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#17
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה
to the camp
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#18
מִיָּבֵ֥ישׁ
from Jabeshgilead
jobesh, the name of an israelite and of a place in palestine
#19
גִּלְעָ֖ד
gilad, a region east of the jordan; also the name of three israelites
#20
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#21
הַקָּהָֽל׃
to the assembly
assemblage (usually concretely)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Judges, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Judges.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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