Judges 20:40

Authorized King James Version

But when the flame began to arise up out of the city with a pillar of smoke, the Benjamites looked behind them, and, behold, the flame of the city ascended up to heaven.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהַמַּשְׂאֵ֗ת
But when the flame
properly, (abstractly) a raising (as of the hands in prayer), or rising (of flame); figuratively, an utterance; concretely, a beacon (as raised); a pr
#2
הֵחֵ֛לָּה
began
properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin
#3
עָלָ֥ה
ascended up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#4
מִן
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#5
הָעִ֖יר
of the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#6
עַמּ֣וּד
with a pillar
a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e., platform
#7
עָשָׁ֑ן
of smoke
smoke, literally or figuratively (vapor, dust, anger)
#8
וַיִּ֤פֶן
looked
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
#9
בִּנְיָמִן֙
binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
#10
אַֽחֲרָ֔יו
behind
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#11
וְהִנֵּ֛ה
lo!
#12
עָלָ֥ה
ascended up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#13
כְלִיל
them and behold the flame
complete; as noun, the whole (specifically, a sacrifice entirely consumed); as adverb, fully
#14
הָעִ֖יר
of the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#15
הַשָּׁמָֽיְמָה׃
to heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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