Judges 20:31

Authorized King James Version

And the children of Benjamin went out against the people, and were drawn away from the city; and they began to smite of the people, and kill, as at other times, in the highways, of which one goeth up to the house of God, and the other to Gibeah in the field, about thirty men of Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֵּֽצְא֤וּ
went out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#2
בְנֵֽי
And the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#3
בִנְיָמִן֙
of Benjamin
binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
#4
לִקְרַ֣את
against
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#5
מֵֽהָעָ֨ם
of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#6
הָנְתְּק֖וּ
and were drawn away
to tear off
#7
מִן
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#8
הָעִ֑יר
from the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#9
וַיָּחֵ֡לּוּ
and they began
properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin
#10
לְהַכּוֹת֩
to smite
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#11
מֵֽהָעָ֨ם
of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#12
חֲלָלִ֜ים
and kill
pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted
#13
בְּפַ֗עַם
as at other times
a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)
#14
בְּפַ֗עַם
as at other times
a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)
#15
בַּֽמְסִלּוֹת֙
in the highways
a thoroughfare (as turnpiked), literally or figuratively; specifically a viaduct, a staircase
#16
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#17
וְאַחַ֤ת
and the other
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#18
עֹלָ֣ה
goeth up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#19
בֵֽית
to the house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#20
אֵ֗ל
beth-el, a place in palestine
#21
וְאַחַ֤ת
and the other
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#22
גִּבְעָ֙תָה֙
to Gibeah
gibah; the name of three places in palestine
#23
בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה
in the field
a field (as flat)
#24
כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים
about thirty
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
#25
אִ֖ישׁ
men
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#26
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Judges. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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