Joshua 7:16

Authorized King James Version

PDF

So Joshua rose up early in the morning, and brought Israel by their tribes; and the tribe of Judah was taken:

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם rose up early H7925
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם rose up early
Strong's: H7925
Word #: 1 of 10
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ So Joshua H3091
יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ So Joshua
Strong's: H3091
Word #: 2 of 10
jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר in the morning H1242
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר in the morning
Strong's: H1242
Word #: 3 of 10
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב and brought H7126
וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב and brought
Strong's: H7126
Word #: 4 of 10
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 10
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 6 of 10
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
שֵׁ֥בֶט and the tribe H7626
שֵׁ֥בֶט and the tribe
Strong's: H7626
Word #: 7 of 10
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד was taken H3920
וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד was taken
Strong's: H3920
Word #: 8 of 10
to catch (in a net, trap or pit); generally, to capture or occupy; also to choose (by lot); figuratively, to cohere
שֵׁ֥בֶט and the tribe H7626
שֵׁ֥בֶט and the tribe
Strong's: H7626
Word #: 9 of 10
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 10 of 10
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

Analysis & Commentary

Joshua rose early in the morning—demonstrating leadership diligence and spiritual priority. Early rising for important spiritual matters appears throughout Scripture as a mark of godly leaders (Abraham, Moses, Samuel). He brought Israel by tribes, and the tribe of Judah was taken. The methodical process begins—tribe by tribe, each standing before the Lord as the lot identifies Judah. That Judah, the royal and messianic tribe (Genesis 49:10), contained the guilty party is striking. This shows sin isn't respecter of heritage or privilege—even the most honored tribe harbors covenant breakers. The passive construction 'was taken' emphasizes divine sovereignty—God's hand guides the lot. Proverbs 16:33 states: 'The lot is cast into the lap; but the whole disposing thereof is of the LORD.' This process combines human participation (Joshua bringing tribes forward) with divine revelation (God designating the guilty). It models how God's people discern His will through ordained means while trusting His sovereign guidance.

Historical Context

The tribal assembly would have been a solemn, anxious gathering. Each tribe would have hoped the lot fell elsewhere, yet each household had to reckon with the possibility of guilt within their midst. Archaeological evidence suggests the Urim and Thummim (priestly lots, Exodus 28:30) may have been used for such determinations, though the text doesn't specify. The selection of Judah as the guilty tribe would have been shocking—Judah held preeminence among the tribes, producing Israel's leadership (including Caleb and eventually David). Yet divine justice operates impartially. The deliberate, public process served educational purposes—Israel learned that God sees hidden sin and will expose it. This transparency also prevented false accusations or witch hunts—the lot system placed determination in God's hands, not human suspicion. The early morning timing suggests the process began at dawn and may have continued through the day as narrowing continued from tribe to clan to household to individual.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Study Resources