Joshua 4:5

Authorized King James Version

And Joshua said unto them, Pass over before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of Jordan, and take ye up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
לָהֶם֙
H0
#3
יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ
And Joshua
jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader
#4
עִ֠בְרוּ
unto them Pass over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#5
לִפְנֵ֨י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#6
אֲר֧וֹן
the ark
a box
#7
יְהוָ֛ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם
your God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
תּ֣וֹךְ
into the midst
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
#11
הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן
of Jordan
jarden, the principal river of palestine
#12
וְהָרִ֨ימוּ
and take ye up
to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively)
#13
לָכֶ֜ם
H0
#14
אִ֣ישׁ
man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#15
אֶ֤בֶן
H68
of you a stone
a stone
#16
אַחַת֙
every
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#17
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
שִׁכְמ֔וֹ
upon his shoulder
the neck (between the shoulders) as the place of burdens; figuratively, the spur of a hill
#19
לְמִסְפַּ֖ר
according unto the number
a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration
#20
שִׁבְטֵ֥י
of the tribes
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
#21
בְנֵֽי
of the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#22
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Joshua. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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