Joel 1:17

Authorized King James Version

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The seed is rotten under their clods, the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered.

Original Language Analysis

עָבְשׁ֣וּ is rotten H5685
עָבְשׁ֣וּ is rotten
Strong's: H5685
Word #: 1 of 11
to dry up
פְרֻד֗וֹת The seed H6507
פְרֻד֗וֹת The seed
Strong's: H6507
Word #: 2 of 11
something separated, i.e., a kernel
תַּ֚חַת H8478
תַּ֚חַת
Strong's: H8478
Word #: 3 of 11
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
מֶגְרְפֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם under their clods H4053
מֶגְרְפֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם under their clods
Strong's: H4053
Word #: 4 of 11
something thrown off (by the spade), i.e., a clod
נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ are laid desolate H8074
נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ are laid desolate
Strong's: H8074
Word #: 5 of 11
to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)
אֹֽצָר֔וֹת the garners H214
אֹֽצָר֔וֹת the garners
Strong's: H214
Word #: 6 of 11
a depository
נֶהֶרְס֖וּ are broken down H2040
נֶהֶרְס֖וּ are broken down
Strong's: H2040
Word #: 7 of 11
to pull down or in pieces, break, destroy
מַמְּגֻר֑וֹת the barns H4460
מַמְּגֻר֑וֹת the barns
Strong's: H4460
Word #: 8 of 11
a granary
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 9 of 11
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הֹבִ֖ישׁ is withered H3001
הֹבִ֖ישׁ is withered
Strong's: H3001
Word #: 10 of 11
to be ashamed, confused or disappointed; also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as herbage)
דָּגָֽן׃ for the corn H1715
דָּגָֽן׃ for the corn
Strong's: H1715
Word #: 11 of 11
properly, increase, i.e., grain

Analysis & Commentary

The seed is rotten under their clods (avshuh peruldot tachat megrefoteihem)—'Rotten' (avshuh) describes shriveled, dried-up seed. 'Clods' (megrefoteihem) are earth lumps, dried and hard. Seeds planted with hope now rot unproductive—a farmer's nightmare and biblical symbol of futility (Leviticus 26:16, Haggai 1:6).

The garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered (nashammu otsarot nehersu mamggurot ki hovish dagan)—'Desolate' (nashammu) conveys appalling emptiness. Unused storage buildings collapse from neglect. 'Corn' (dagan) means grain generally (wheat, barley). The comprehensive agricultural failure—seed, harvest, storage—points beyond natural disaster to covenant curse (Deuteronomy 28:38-42). Haggai 1:9-11 describes similar conditions as divine discipline for misplaced priorities.

Historical Context

Ancient agricultural storage was crucial for survival. Israelite pillared houses often included ground-floor storage rooms for grain jars. Excavations at sites like Hazor and Tel Batash show granaries. Their collapse signaled economic catastrophe, leaving communities vulnerable to famine and enemy attack.

Questions for Reflection