Job 41:31

Authorized King James Version

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He maketh the deep to boil like a pot: he maketh the sea like a pot of ointment.

Original Language Analysis

יַרְתִּ֣יחַ to boil H7570
יַרְתִּ֣יחַ to boil
Strong's: H7570
Word #: 1 of 6
to boil
כַּסִּ֣יר like a pot H5518
כַּסִּ֣יר like a pot
Strong's: H5518
Word #: 2 of 6
a thorn (as springing up rapidly); by implication, a hook
מְצוּלָ֑ה He maketh the deep H4688
מְצוּלָ֑ה He maketh the deep
Strong's: H4688
Word #: 3 of 6
a deep place (of water or mud)
יָ֝֗ם the sea H3220
יָ֝֗ם the sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 4 of 6
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
יָשִׂ֥ים he maketh H7760
יָשִׂ֥ים he maketh
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 5 of 6
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
כַּמֶּרְקָחָֽה׃ like a pot of ointment H4841
כַּמֶּרְקָחָֽה׃ like a pot of ointment
Strong's: H4841
Word #: 6 of 6
abstractly, a seasoning (with spicery); concretely, an unguentkettle (for preparing spiced oil)

Analysis & Commentary

God describes Leviathan's effect on water. 'He maketh the deep to boil like a pot' (yartiach ke-sir metsulah, יַרְתִּיחַ כַּסִּיר מְצוּלָה) depicts violent water disturbance from the creature's movement. 'Maketh the sea like a pot of ointment' (yam yasim ka-merqachah, יָם יָשִׂים כַּמֶּרְקָחָה) suggests the water becomes like mixed or churned perfume—roiling, bubbling, transformed. The dual imagery of boiling pot and churned ointment emphasizes both violent disturbance and the mixing of previously calm waters. Theologically, Leviathan represents chaos challenging God's ordering of creation—the sea that God set boundaries for (Job 38:8-11) becomes turbulent again. Yet God's control over Leviathan demonstrates His ultimate authority even over chaos. The verse anticipates Revelation's sea of glass before God's throne—chaos finally stilled (Revelation 4:6). Christ's calming of the literal sea demonstrates His Leviathan-controlling power (Mark 4:39).

Historical Context

The sea represented chaos and danger in ancient Near Eastern thought, often personified as divine enemies God defeated in creation (Psalm 74:13-14). Leviathan's ability to make the sea boil connects it to this chaos mythology while establishing God's sovereignty over it. Ancient mariners feared sea disturbances that could capsize ships, making this imagery particularly terrifying.

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