Job 39:1

Knowest thou the time when the wild goats of the rock bring forth? or canst thou mark when the hinds do calve?

Word-by-Word Analysis

הֲיָדַ֗עְתָּ

H3045

Knowest

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

עֵ֭ת

H6256

thou the time

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

לֶ֣דֶת

H3205

bring forth

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

יַעֲלֵי

H3277

when the wild goats

an ibex (as climbing)

סָ֑לַע

H5553

of the rock

a craggy rock, literally or figuratively (a fortress)

חֹלֵ֖ל

H2342

do calve

properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e., (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; fi

אַיָּל֣וֹת

H355

when the hinds

a doe or female deer

תִּשְׁמֹֽר׃

H8104

or canst thou mark

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

Analysis

Within the broader context of Job, this passage highlights salvation through rhetorical questioning that engages the reader. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by introducing key themes that will be developed throughout Job.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?