Jeremiah 50:42

Authorized King James Version

They shall hold the bow and the lance: they are cruel, and will not shew mercy: their voice shall roar like the sea, and they shall ride upon horses, every one put in array, like a man to the battle, against thee, O daughter of Babylon.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
קֶ֣שֶׁת
the bow
a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
#2
וְכִידֹ֞ן
and the lance
properly, something to strike with, i.e., a dart
#3
יַחֲזִ֗יקוּ
They shall hold
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
#4
אַכְזָרִ֥י
they are cruel
terrible
#5
הֵ֙מָּה֙
they (only used when emphatic)
#6
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#7
יְרַחֵ֔מוּ
and will not shew mercy
to fondle; by implication, to love, especially to compassionate
#8
קוֹלָם֙
their voice
a voice or sound
#9
כַּיָּ֣ם
like the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
#10
יֶהֱמֶ֔ה
shall roar
to make a loud sound (like english 'hum'); by implication, to be in great commotion or tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor
#11
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
סוּסִ֖ים
upon horses
a horse (as leaping)
#13
יִרְכָּ֑בוּ
and they shall ride
to ride (on an animal or in a vehicle); causatively, to place upon (for riding or generally), to despatch
#14
עָר֗וּךְ
every one put in array
to set in a row, i.e., arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)
#15
כְּאִישׁ֙
like a man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#16
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה
to the battle
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#17
עָלַ֖יִךְ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
בַּת
against thee O daughter
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#19
בָּבֶֽל׃
of Babylon
babel (i.e., babylon), including babylonia and the babylonian empire

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Jeremiah. The concept of mercy reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The emotional and relational language employed here is characteristic of biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, emphasizing the personal nature of divine-human relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Jeremiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes mercy in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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