Jeremiah 34:18

Authorized King James Version

And I will give the men that have transgressed my covenant, which have not performed the words of the covenant which they had made before me, when they cut the calf in twain, and passed between the parts thereof,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְנָתַתִּ֣י
And I will give
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#4
וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ
and passed
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
הַבְּרִ֔ית
my covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#7
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#9
הֵקִ֙ימוּ֙
which have not performed
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#10
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
דִּבְרֵ֣י
the words
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#12
הַבְּרִ֔ית
my covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#13
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#14
כָּרְת֣וּ
me when they cut
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#15
לְפָנָ֑י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#16
הָעֵ֙גֶל֙
the calf
a (male) calf (as frisking round), especially one nearly grown (i.e., a steer)
#17
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#18
כָּרְת֣וּ
me when they cut
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#19
לִשְׁנַ֔יִם
in twain
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#20
וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ
and passed
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#21
בֵּ֥ין
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#22
בְּתָרָֽיו׃
between the parts
a section

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing covenant contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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