Isaiah 21:8

Authorized King James Version

And he cried, A lion: My lord, I stand continually upon the watchtower in the daytime, and I am set in my ward whole nights:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקְרָ֖א
And he cried
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#2
אַרְיֵ֑ה
A lion
a lion
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
מִצְפֶּ֣ה׀
upon the watchtower
an observatory, especially for military purposes
#5
אֲדֹנָ֗י
My lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#6
אָנֹכִ֞י
i
#7
עֹמֵ֤ד
I stand
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
#8
תָּמִיד֙
continually
properly, continuance (as indefinite extension); but used only (attributively as adjective) constant (or adverbially, constantly); elliptically the re
#9
יוֹמָ֔ם
in the daytime
daily
#10
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
מִ֨שְׁמַרְתִּ֔י
in my ward
watch, i.e., the act (custody), or (concretely) the sentry, the post; objectively preservation, or (concretely) safe; figuratively observance, i.e., (
#12
אָנֹכִ֥י
i
#13
נִצָּ֖ב
and I am set
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#14
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#15
הַלֵּילֽוֹת׃
whole nights
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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