Genesis 5:13

Authorized King James Version

And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְחִ֣י
lived
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#2
קֵינָ֗ן
And Cainan
kenan, an antediluvian
#3
אַֽחֲרֵי֙
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#4
וַיּ֥וֹלֶד
and begat
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
מַֽהֲלַלְאֵ֔ל
Mahalaleel
mahalalel, the name of an antediluvian patriarch and of an israelite
#7
אַרְבָּעִ֣ים
and forty
forty
#8
שָׁנָ֑ה
years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#9
וּשְׁמֹנֶ֥ה
eight
a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
#10
מֵא֖וֹת
hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#11
שָׁנָ֑ה
years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#12
וַיּ֥וֹלֶד
and begat
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#13
בָּנִ֖ים
sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#14
וּבָנֽוֹת׃
and daughters
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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