Genesis 11:13

Authorized King James Version

And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְחִ֣י
lived
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#2
אַרְפַּכְשַׁ֗ד
And Arphaxad
arpakshad, a son of noah; also the region settled by him
#3
אַֽחֲרֵי֙
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#4
וַיּ֥וֹלֶד
and begat
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
שֶׁ֔לַח
Salah
shelach, a postdiluvian patriarch
#7
שָׁלֹ֣שׁ
and three
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
#8
שָׁנָ֑ה
years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#9
וְאַרְבַּ֥ע
four
four
#10
מֵא֖וֹת
hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#11
שָׁנָ֑ה
years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#12
וַיּ֥וֹלֶד
and begat
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#13
בָּנִ֖ים
sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#14
וּבָנֽוֹת׃
and daughters
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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