Ezra 10:6

Authorized King James Version

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Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Johanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water: for he mourned because of the transgression of them that had been carried away.

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּ֣קָם rose up H6965
וַיָּ֣קָם rose up
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 1 of 24
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
עֶזְרָ֗א Then Ezra H5830
עֶזְרָ֗א Then Ezra
Strong's: H5830
Word #: 2 of 24
ezra, an israelite
מִלִּפְנֵי֙ from before H6440
מִלִּפְנֵי֙ from before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 3 of 24
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
בֵּ֣ית the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 4 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God H430
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 5 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ H1980
וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 6 of 24
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 7 of 24
near, with or among; often in general, to
לִשְׁכַּ֖ת into the chamber H3957
לִשְׁכַּ֖ת into the chamber
Strong's: H3957
Word #: 8 of 24
a room in a building (whether for storage, eating, or lodging)
יְהֽוֹחָנָ֣ן of Johanan H3076
יְהֽוֹחָנָ֣ן of Johanan
Strong's: H3076
Word #: 9 of 24
jehochanan, the name of eight israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 10 of 24
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֶלְיָשִׁ֑יב of Eliashib H475
אֶלְיָשִׁ֑יב of Eliashib
Strong's: H475
Word #: 11 of 24
eljashib, the name of six israelites
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ H1980
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 12 of 24
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
שָׁ֗ם H8033
שָׁ֗ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 13 of 24
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
לֶ֤חֶם no bread H3899
לֶ֤חֶם no bread
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 14 of 24
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 15 of 24
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אָכַל֙ thither he did eat H398
אָכַל֙ thither he did eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 16 of 24
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וּמַ֣יִם water H4325
וּמַ֣יִם water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 17 of 24
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 18 of 24
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
שָׁתָ֔ה nor drink H8354
שָׁתָ֔ה nor drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 19 of 24
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 20 of 24
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
מִתְאַבֵּ֖ל for he mourned H56
מִתְאַבֵּ֖ל for he mourned
Strong's: H56
Word #: 21 of 24
to bewail
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 22 of 24
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מַ֥עַל because of the transgression H4604
מַ֥עַל because of the transgression
Strong's: H4604
Word #: 23 of 24
treachery, i.e., sin
הַגּוֹלָֽה׃ of them that had been carried away H1473
הַגּוֹלָֽה׃ of them that had been carried away
Strong's: H1473
Word #: 24 of 24
exile; concretely and collectively exiles

Analysis & Commentary

Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Johanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water: for he mourned because of the transgression of them that had been carried away. Ezra withdraws to fast and mourn despite securing the oath. His grief continues unabated—"he did eat no bread, nor drink water" describes complete fasting, the physical discipline accompanying spiritual anguish. The phrase "for he mourned" (mitabbel, intensive form suggesting deep, ongoing grief) shows that achieving political solution didn't satisfy his pastoral heart.

The specific mention of "the transgression" (ma'al) uses the technical term for covenant violation, especially unfaithfulness to God (Leviticus 5:15, Joshua 7:1). This wasn't merely sociological concern about intermarriage but theological grief over breach of sacred covenant. Ezra's mourning reveals that right action must flow from right affection—he didn't implement divorce proceedings from bureaucratic obligation but heartbroken necessity.

Withdrawing to Johanan's chamber provided solitude for intercessory mourning. True spiritual leadership doesn't end with issuing directives but continues in private prayer and fasting. Ezra models the pattern: public action flowing from private intercession. His ongoing grief demonstrates that confronting sin should never become routine or casual, even when repeatedly necessary.

Historical Context

Johanan (Jehohanan) son of Eliashib was the high priest's son, later becoming high priest himself. His chamber would have been in the temple complex, providing private space for Ezra's mourning. This detail shows Ezra's access to the highest levels of religious leadership and the temple precincts.

Fasting accompanied serious prayer in Israelite practice (2 Samuel 12:16, Nehemiah 1:4, Esther 4:16). Complete abstention from food and water could last only a few days without serious health risk, suggesting this fast was relatively brief but intense. Such fasting wasn't manipulating God but physically expressing spiritual desperation and focusing prayer through self-denial.

Questions for Reflection