Ezekiel 40:11

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And he measured the breadth of the entry of the gate, ten cubits; and the length of the gate, thirteen cubits.

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּ֛מָד And he measured H4058
וַיָּ֛מָד And he measured
Strong's: H4058
Word #: 1 of 12
properly, to stretch; by implication, to measure (as if by stretching a line); figuratively, to be extended
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 12
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
רֹ֥חַב the breadth H7341
רֹ֥חַב the breadth
Strong's: H7341
Word #: 3 of 12
width (literally or figuratively)
פֶּֽתַח of the entry H6607
פֶּֽתַח of the entry
Strong's: H6607
Word #: 4 of 12
an opening (literally), i.e., door (gate) or entrance way
הַשַּׁ֔עַר of the gate H8179
הַשַּׁ֔עַר of the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 5 of 12
an opening, i.e., door or gate
עֶ֣שֶׂר ten H6235
עֶ֣שֶׂר ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 6 of 12
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
אַמּֽוֹת׃ cubits H520
אַמּֽוֹת׃ cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 7 of 12
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
אֹ֣רֶךְ and the length H753
אֹ֣רֶךְ and the length
Strong's: H753
Word #: 8 of 12
length
הַשַּׁ֔עַר of the gate H8179
הַשַּׁ֔עַר of the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 9 of 12
an opening, i.e., door or gate
שְׁל֥וֹשׁ thirteen H7969
שְׁל֥וֹשׁ thirteen
Strong's: H7969
Word #: 10 of 12
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה H6240
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה
Strong's: H6240
Word #: 11 of 12
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
אַמּֽוֹת׃ cubits H520
אַמּֽוֹת׃ cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 12 of 12
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

Analysis & Commentary

The entry and gate measurements—'ten cubits breadth... thirteen cubits length'—provide the actual dimensions of the gate passage. Ten represents completeness (Ten Commandments, ten virgins); thirteen adds divine government (twelve tribes + one). The breadth (ten cubits, approximately 17.5 feet) allowed substantial traffic flow while maintaining control. The length (thirteen cubits, approximately 22.75 feet) created depth preventing casual rushing through. This gateway wasn't trivial threshold but substantial passage requiring deliberate transit. Spiritually, approach to God requires both accessibility (wide enough) and reverence (deep enough). Reformed theology emphasizes that while Christ provides generous access (Hebrews 10:19-22), we must enter reverently, not presumptuously (Hebrews 12:28-29). The measurements balance welcome and awe.

Historical Context

Gate dimensions determined traffic capacity and defensive strength. The ten-cubit width allowed passage of loaded animals and cart traffic for bringing offerings. The thirteen-cubit depth created a 'killing zone' for defense—if enemies breached the outer threshold, they faced the inner threshold with guards in chambers on both sides. This dual-purpose design (worship and security) appears throughout Israelite architecture. Nehemiah faced opposition while rebuilding Jerusalem's gates (Nehemiah 4), requiring both construction and defense. The gate's substantial proportions reflected the sanctuary's importance—God's house deserved impressive architecture, not shabby construction. Solomon spared no expense on temple gates (1 Kings 6-7). The measurements' precision also enabled accurate reconstruction—like modern architectural blueprints.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People