Deuteronomy 21:10

Authorized King James Version

When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
תֵצֵ֥א
When thou goest forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#3
לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה
to war
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
אֹֽיְבֶ֑יךָ
against thine enemies
hating; an adversary
#6
וּנְתָנ֞וֹ
hath delivered
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#7
יְהוָ֧ה
and the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ
thy God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#9
בְּיָדֶ֖ךָ
them into thine hands
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#10
שִׁבְיֽוֹ׃
and thou hast taken
to transport into captivity
#11
שִׁבְיֽוֹ׃
and thou hast taken
to transport into captivity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Deuteronomy. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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