2 Samuel 19:41

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto the king, Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen thee away, and have brought the king, and his household, and all David's men with him, over Jordan?

Original Language Analysis

וְהִנֵּ֛ה H2009
וְהִנֵּ֛ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 1 of 26
lo!
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 2 of 26
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men H376
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 3 of 26
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 4 of 26
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בָּאִ֣ים came H935
בָּאִ֣ים came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 5 of 26
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 6 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king H4428
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 7 of 26
a king
וַיֹּֽאמְר֣וּ and said H559
וַיֹּֽאמְר֣וּ and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 8 of 26
to say (used with great latitude)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 9 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king H4428
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 10 of 26
a king
מַדּוּעַ֩ H4069
מַדּוּעַ֩
Strong's: H4069
Word #: 11 of 26
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
גְּנָב֨וּךָ stolen thee away H1589
גְּנָב֨וּךָ stolen thee away
Strong's: H1589
Word #: 12 of 26
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
אַחֵ֜ינוּ Why have our brethren H251
אַחֵ֜ינוּ Why have our brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 13 of 26
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men H376
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 14 of 26
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יְהוּדָ֗ה of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָ֗ה of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 15 of 26
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
וַיַּֽעֲבִ֨רוּ and have brought H5674
וַיַּֽעֲבִ֨רוּ and have brought
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 16 of 26
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 17 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king H4428
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 18 of 26
a king
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 19 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בֵּיתוֹ֙ and his household H1004
בֵּיתוֹ֙ and his household
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 20 of 26
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 21 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן with him over Jordan H3383
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן with him over Jordan
Strong's: H3383
Word #: 22 of 26
jarden, the principal river of palestine
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 23 of 26
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men H376
אַנְשֵׁ֥י And behold all the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 24 of 26
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
דָוִ֖ד and all David's H1732
דָוִ֖ד and all David's
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 25 of 26
david, the youngest son of jesse
עִמּֽוֹ׃ H5973
עִמּֽוֹ׃
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 26 of 26
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

Analysis & Commentary

And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said unto the king, Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen thee away, and have brought the king, and his household, and all David's men with him, over Jordan?

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources