2 Samuel 17:13

Authorized King James Version

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Moreover, if he be gotten into a city, then shall all Israel bring ropes to that city, and we will draw it into the river, until there be not one small stone found there.

Original Language Analysis

וְאִם Moreover if H518
וְאִם Moreover if
Strong's: H518
Word #: 1 of 22
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
הָעִ֥יר into a city H5892
הָעִ֥יר into a city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 3 of 22
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
יֵֽאָסֵ֔ף he be gotten H622
יֵֽאָסֵ֔ף he be gotten
Strong's: H622
Word #: 4 of 22
to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
וְהִשִּׂ֧יאוּ bring H5375
וְהִשִּׂ֧יאוּ bring
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 5 of 22
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
כָֽל H3605
כָֽל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 6 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל then shall all Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל then shall all Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 7 of 22
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 8 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
הָעִ֥יר into a city H5892
הָעִ֥יר into a city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 9 of 22
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
הַהִ֖יא H1931
הַהִ֖יא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 10 of 22
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
חֲבָלִ֑ים ropes H2256
חֲבָלִ֑ים ropes
Strong's: H2256
Word #: 11 of 22
ruin
וְסָחַ֤בְנוּ and we will draw H5498
וְסָחַ֤בְנוּ and we will draw
Strong's: H5498
Word #: 12 of 22
to trail along
אֹתוֹ֙ H853
אֹתוֹ֙
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 14 of 22
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
הַנַּ֔חַל it into the river H5158
הַנַּ֔חַל it into the river
Strong's: H5158
Word #: 15 of 22
a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)
עַ֛ד H5704
עַ֛ד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 16 of 22
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
אֲשֶֽׁר H834
אֲשֶֽׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 17 of 22
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 18 of 22
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
נִמְצָ֥א found H4672
נִמְצָ֥א found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 19 of 22
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
שָׁ֖ם H8033
שָׁ֖ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 20 of 22
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
גַּם until there be not one H1571
גַּם until there be not one
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 21 of 22
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
צְרֽוֹר׃ small stone H6872
צְרֽוֹר׃ small stone
Strong's: H6872
Word #: 22 of 22
a parcel (as packed up); also a kernel or particle (as if a package)

Analysis & Commentary

Moreover, if he be gotten into a city, then shall all Israel bring ropes to that city, and we will draw it into the river, until there be not one small stone found there.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Competing Counsel, emphasizing divine providence over human wisdom. The contrast between Ahithophel's shrewd counsel and Hushai's divinely-blessed alternative demonstrates God's providential control over human wisdom. The text explicitly states "the LORD had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel" (v. 14), emphasizing divine sovereignty. Ahithophel's suicide demonstrates despair when human wisdom fails. Theological themes include God's sovereignty over human planning, divine protection of His anointed, and the inadequacy of worldly wisdom apart from God.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 17 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding divine providence over human wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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