1 Kings 18:18

Authorized King James Version

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And he answered, I have not troubled Israel; but thou, and thy father's house, in that ye have forsaken the commandments of the LORD, and thou hast followed Baalim.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר And he answered H559
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר And he answered
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 17
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
עָכַ֙רְתִּי֙ I have not troubled H5916
עָכַ֙רְתִּי֙ I have not troubled
Strong's: H5916
Word #: 3 of 17
properly, to roil water; figuratively, to disturb or affict
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 5 of 17
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 6 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 7 of 17
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
אַתָּ֖ה H859
אַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 8 of 17
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
וּבֵ֣ית house H1004
וּבֵ֣ית house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 9 of 17
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
אָבִ֑יךָ but thou and thy father's H1
אָבִ֑יךָ but thou and thy father's
Strong's: H1
Word #: 10 of 17
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
בַּֽעֲזָבְכֶם֙ in that ye have forsaken H5800
בַּֽעֲזָבְכֶם֙ in that ye have forsaken
Strong's: H5800
Word #: 11 of 17
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מִצְוֹ֣ת the commandments H4687
מִצְוֹ֣ת the commandments
Strong's: H4687
Word #: 13 of 17
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
יְהוָ֔ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 14 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ H1980
וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 15 of 17
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י
Strong's: H310
Word #: 16 of 17
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
הַבְּעָלִֽים׃ Baalim H1168
הַבְּעָלִֽים׃ Baalim
Strong's: H1168
Word #: 17 of 17
baal, a phoenician deity

Analysis & Commentary

And he answered, I have not troubled Israel; but thou, and thy father's house, in that ye have forsaken the commandments of the LORD, and thou hast followed Baalim.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of elijah and the prophets of baal, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Canaanite fertility religion promised agricultural prosperity through ritual practices honoring Baal (storm god) and Asherah (mother goddess), posing constant temptation to syncretism. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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