Proverbs 31:6
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 31:6
6 Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto those that be of heavy hearts.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 31 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of truth, judgment, obedience. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-31: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it offers practical wisdom for godly living in a fallen world. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 31:6
6 Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto those that be of heavy hearts.
Analysis
Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish—The Hebrew shekar (שֵׁכָר, strong drink) refers to fermented beverages beyond wine. King Lemuel's mother instructs that intoxicants have legitimate medicinal use for those in extremis—ready to perish (אֹבֵד, 'oved, perishing/dying). This is not license for rulers (v. 4-5) but compassionate palliative care for the terminally ill or those facing execution.
Ancient Near Eastern medicine used alcohol as anesthetic and comfort for the dying. This verse anticipates the mercy shown to Christ on the cross when offered wine mingled with myrrh (Mark 15:23), which He initially refused to maintain full consciousness during His atoning work. The principle: alcohol may dull suffering when no hope of recovery remains.
Historical Context
Written as royal instruction (probably Solomon recording his mother Bathsheba's wisdom), this reflects ancient medical practice where strong drink served as pain relief before modern anesthetics. Wine mixed with gall or myrrh was given to crucifixion victims to ease agony.
Reflection
- How does this verse inform a biblical approach to end-of-life palliative care and pain management?
- What is the distinction between medicinal use of alcohol for the dying versus recreational use forbidden to rulers (v. 4-5)?
- How does Christ's refusal of drugged wine (Mark 15:23) demonstrate His willingness to fully experience our suffering?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Psalms 104:15, 1 Timothy 5:23