Jeremiah 13:20
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Jeremiah 13:20
20 Lift up your eyes, and behold them that come from the north: where is the flock that was given thee, thy beautiful flock?
Chapter Context
Jeremiah 13 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of discipleship, creation, faith. Written during the final years of Judah and early exile (c. 627-580 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Prophesied during Judah's final years as Babylon became the dominant power.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-27: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it reveals key aspects of God's character through divine actions and declarations. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Jeremiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Jeremiah 13:20
20 Lift up your eyes, and behold them that come from the north: where is the flock that was given thee, thy beautiful flock?
Analysis
This verse personifies Jerusalem: 'Lift up your eyes, and behold them that come from the north.' The command addresses Jerusalem (feminine singular) to observe approaching enemy. 'Them that come from the north' identifies Babylon. 'Where is the flock that was given thee, thy beautiful flock?' The Hebrew eder (עֵדֶר, flock) represents Judah's population, Jerusalem's 'beautiful flock' (tson tiph'artekh) entrusted to her care. Jerusalem was responsible for her people like a shepherd for sheep. 'Given thee' (nittan lakh) indicates stewardship responsibility. The question is accusatory: where are those you should have protected?
Historical Context
Jerusalem as responsible shepherd for Judah's population echoes the shepherd/flock imagery throughout Jeremiah (2:8, 10:21, 23:1-4, 25:34-36). The leaders of Jerusalem—kings, priests, prophets, nobles—were responsible for the nation's welfare. Their failure led to the flock's destruction. The approaching enemy would scatter the sheep Jerusalem should have protected.
Reflection
- What does the shepherd/flock imagery suggest about Jerusalem's leadership responsibility?
- How does the accusatory question 'where is your flock?' indict failed stewardship?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Jeremiah 1:14, 6:22, 10:22, 13:17, 23:2, Habakkuk 1:6