Isaiah 5:10
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Isaiah 5:10
10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.
Chapter Context
Isaiah 5 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of truth, obedience, creation. Written during the Assyrian and pre-exilic periods (c. 740-680 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Addressed Judah during Assyria's rise, Babylon's threat, and anticipated restoration.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-30: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides guidance for worship and spiritual devotion. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Isaiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Isaiah 5:10
10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.
Analysis
The curse of agricultural futility—ten acres yielding one bath (6 gallons), a homer of seed producing only an ephah (tenth of original)—depicts covenant curse where labor proves fruitless (Deuteronomy 28:38-40). The dramatic disproportion (90% loss) shows divine judgment nullifying human effort. This illustrates the principle that apart from God's blessing, toil is vain (Psalm 127:1), and anticipates Jesus' teaching on abiding in Him for fruitfulness (John 15:4-5).
Historical Context
Agricultural economy made crop failure catastrophic. Such severe losses would result in famine, fulfilling prophetic warnings and demonstrating dependence on divine provision.
Reflection
- What 'vineyards' of effort in our lives yield minimal return due to lack of divine blessing?
- How does recognizing God's sovereignty over fruitfulness shape our approach to work?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Leviticus 26:26, Haggai 2:16