1 Samuel 20:10
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
1 Samuel 20:10
10 Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
Chapter Context
1 Samuel 20 is a biographical narrative chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of righteousness, obedience, covenant. Written during the transition to monarchy (c. 1050-1010 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Israel transitioned from tribal confederacy to monarchy while facing Philistine military pressure.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-42: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Samuel and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Samuel 20:10
10 Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
Analysis
Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
David's practical concern - 'Who shall tell me?' - moves from commitment to logistics. The question 'what if thy father answer thee roughly?' (qashah, harshly) anticipates the danger Jonathan himself might face in delivering bad news. David's concern extended to Jonathan's safety, not merely his own. True friendship involves mutual protection, not just receiving help. This question prompted the arrow-signal plan that would allow communication while protecting Jonathan from being caught directly warning David.
Historical Context
Bearers of unwelcome news to kings sometimes faced punishment. David's concern recognized Jonathan's risk in acting as intermediary. The need for covert communication methods reflected the danger of operating within Saul's surveillance.
Reflection
- How do you show concern for those who take risks to help you?
- What creative solutions have you developed for communicating in difficult situations?