1 Samuel 19:10
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
1 Samuel 19:10
10 And Saul sought to smite David even to the wall with the javelin; but he slipped away out of Saul's presence, and he smote the javelin into the wall: and David fled, and escaped that night.
Chapter Context
1 Samuel 19 is a biographical narrative chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of righteousness, redemption, salvation. Written during the transition to monarchy (c. 1050-1010 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Israel transitioned from tribal confederacy to monarchy while facing Philistine military pressure.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-24: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Samuel and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Samuel 19:10
10 And Saul sought to smite David even to the wall with the javelin; but he slipped away out of Saul's presence, and he smote the javelin into the wall: and David fled, and escaped that night.
Analysis
And Saul sought to smite David even to the wall with the javelin; but he slipped away out of Saul's presence, and he smote the javelin into the wall: and David fled, and escaped that night.
Saul's second javelin attack, from which David 'slipped away' (parar, escaped), confirms his oath's worthlessness. The javelin striking the wall instead of David demonstrates divine protection. David's flight 'that night' began his fugitive years. The multiplication of escape narratives emphasizes God's sovereign preservation of His anointed through repeated dangers.
Historical Context
Night flight provided cover for escape. David's departure marked transition from court servant to hunted fugitive. The years ahead would see David moving from place to place, always barely ahead of Saul's pursuit.
Reflection
- When has narrow escape demonstrated God's protective providence in your life?
- What does David's transition from honored servant to hunted fugitive teach about faithfully following God's path?
Cross-References
- References David: 1 Samuel 18:11, 20:33
- Parallel theme: Proverbs 21:30