1 Corinthians 7:36
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1 Corinthians 7:36
36 But if any man think that he behaveth himself uncomely toward his virgin, if she pass the flower of her age, and need so require, let him do what he will, he sinneth not: let them marry.
Chapter Context
1 Corinthians 7 is a pastoral epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of holiness, obedience, grace. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 55 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The church existed in a prosperous, cosmopolitan, morally permissive Roman colony.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-40: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Corinthians and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Corinthians 7:36
36 But if any man think that he behaveth himself uncomely toward his virgin, if she pass the flower of her age, and need so require, let him do what he will, he sinneth not: let them marry.
Analysis
But if any man think that he behaveth himself uncomely toward his virgin—this difficult verse likely addresses fathers (or possibly engaged men) concerned about daughters (or fiancées) remaining unmarried. The phrase aschēmonein epi tēn parthenon autou (ἀσχημονεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν παρθένον αὐτοῦ, "acting improperly toward his virgin") suggests shame or impropriety in not marrying her. If she pass the flower of her age (ean ē hypérakmos, ἐὰν ᾖ ὑπέρακμος, "if she is past her prime").
Paul's counsel: and need so require, let him do what he will, he sinneth not: let them marry (gameitōsan, γαμειτωσαν, "let them marry"). If the father (or fiancé) feels obligated by cultural expectations or the woman's need, marriage is not sinful. Paul permits marriage even after recommending singleness (vv. 25-35), maintaining that marriage is good and legitimate.
The phrase ho thelei poieitō (ὃ θέλει ποιείτω, "let him do what he wishes") indicates liberty in this matter. Neither marrying nor remaining single is sinful; both are permissible. Paul's counsel throughout the chapter balances preference for singleness with strong affirmation of marriage's goodness.
Historical Context
In ancient culture, fathers arranged daughters' marriages, and unmarried women past prime marrying age faced social shame. Paul permits fathers to arrange marriages without guilt, even after recommending singleness. His teaching protects both the legitimacy of marriage and the honor of daughters.
Reflection
- How does this verse balance Paul's preference for singleness with recognition of cultural realities and individual needs?
- What does "acting improperly" toward one's virgin mean—why might fathers feel this obligation?
- How does Paul protect the honor of both singleness and marriage as equally legitimate choices?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: 1 Corinthians 7:9, 7:37