1 Chronicles 10:14
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
1 Chronicles 10:14
14 And enquired not of the LORD: therefore he slew him, and turned the kingdom unto David the son of Jesse.
Chapter Context
1 Chronicles 10 is a historical and genealogical chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of grace, wisdom, hope. Written during the post-exilic reflection on David's reign (c. 430-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written after exile to reestablish national identity through connection to David's lineage.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-14: Central message and teachings
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Chronicles and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Chronicles 10:14
14 And enquired not of the LORD: therefore he slew him, and turned the kingdom unto David the son of Jesse.
Analysis
The theological center of Saul's failure was his failure to 'enquire of the LORD' (darash YHWH). This Hebrew phrase denotes more than casual prayer - it implies seeking divine guidance through proper covenantal channels. Saul consulted a medium instead (1 Samuel 28), violating Deuteronomy 18:10-12. The phrase 'therefore he slew him, and turned the kingdom unto David' reveals God's dual action: negative judgment and positive providence. Reformed theology sees here the doctrine of divine reprobation and election working in tandem. David's rise wasn't mere political fortune but God's ordained plan, pointing ultimately to Christ, the Son of David.
Historical Context
The Chronicler deliberately contrasts Saul's failure to seek God with David's consistent pattern of inquiry (see 1 Chronicles 14:10, 14). This served as a pointed lesson for post-exilic leaders facing decisions about rebuilding Jerusalem and temple worship - seek God's will through proper means.
Reflection
- In what ways might you be tempted to seek guidance from sources other than God's revealed Word?
- How does David's pattern of seeking God's will through prayer and Scripture inform your decision-making process?
Word Studies
- Lord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai) H3068 - The LORD / Lord
Cross-References
- Kingdom: 1 Chronicles 12:23, 1 Samuel 13:14, 15:28, 16:1, 28:17
- References Lord: 1 Samuel 28:6