Ruth 3:4

Authorized King James Version

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And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.

Original Language Analysis

וִיהִ֣י H1961
וִיהִ֣י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 18
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down H7901
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 2 of 18
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ that thou shalt mark H3045
וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ that thou shalt mark
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 3 of 18
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַמָּקוֹם֙ the place H4725
הַמָּקוֹם֙ the place
Strong's: H4725
Word #: 5 of 18
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 6 of 18
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down H7901
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 7 of 18
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
שָׁ֔ם H8033
שָׁ֔ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 8 of 18
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
וּבָ֛את and thou shalt go in H935
וּבָ֛את and thou shalt go in
Strong's: H935
Word #: 9 of 18
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
וְגִלִּ֥ית and uncover H1540
וְגִלִּ֥ית and uncover
Strong's: H1540
Word #: 10 of 18
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו his feet H4772
מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו his feet
Strong's: H4772
Word #: 11 of 18
(plural for collective) a footpiece, i.e., (adverbially) at the foot, or (direct.) the foot itself
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down H7901
וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּי And it shall be when he lieth down
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 12 of 18
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
וְהוּא֙ H1931
וְהוּא֙
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 13 of 18
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
יַגִּ֣יד and he will tell H5046
יַגִּ֣יד and he will tell
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 14 of 18
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
לָ֔ךְ H0
לָ֔ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 18
אֵ֖ת H853
אֵ֖ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 16 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 17 of 18
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
תַּֽעֲשִֽׂין׃ thee what thou shalt do H6213
תַּֽעֲשִֽׂין׃ thee what thou shalt do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 18 of 18
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

Analysis & Commentary

The crucial instruction: 'And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down'. This enigmatic instruction has generated scholarly debate. 'Uncovering feet' likely means literally removing the covering from his feet, a symbolic act requesting his protection as kinsman-redeemer. Lying at his feet demonstrated humble petition, submission, and request for covering under his authority. The assurance 'and he will tell thee what thou shalt do' shows Naomi trusted Boaz's integrity—he would respond honorably, not exploiting the vulnerable situation.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern customs included symbolic acts conveying requests and commitments. Ruth's actions at Boaz's feet paralleled customs where vassals sought lord's protection by positioning themselves vulnerably, trusting lord's honor and mercy. The threshing floor setting, while private, was semi-public with servants nearby, preventing impropriety accusations. Naomi's plan balanced boldness (approaching at night) with propriety (Boaz's known character, servants' presence, symbolic rather than sexual actions). The uncovering of feet may have symbolized requesting marriage, as garment-covering signified protection and marriage (Ezekiel 16:8).

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