Psalms 136:9
The moon and stars to rule by night: for his mercy endureth for ever.
Original Language Analysis
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
1 of 8
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
וְ֭כוֹכָבִים
and stars
H3556
וְ֭כוֹכָבִים
and stars
Strong's:
H3556
Word #:
3 of 8
a star (as round or as shining); figuratively, a prince
לְמֶמְשְׁל֣וֹת
to rule
H4475
לְמֶמְשְׁל֣וֹת
to rule
Strong's:
H4475
Word #:
4 of 8
rule; also (concretely in plural) a realm or a ruler
בַּלָּ֑יְלָה
by night
H3915
בַּלָּ֑יְלָה
by night
Strong's:
H3915
Word #:
5 of 8
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
כִּ֖י
H3588
כִּ֖י
Strong's:
H3588
Word #:
6 of 8
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
Historical Context
Psalm 136, the Great Hallel, recounts salvation from creation through providence. Sung at Passover and festivals with antiphonal structure (cantor and congregation), it trained Israel to see history through the lens of God's enduring mercy. Every generation learned their identity through this recitation.
Questions for Reflection
- How does repeatedly saying "his mercy endures forever" after each historical event transform your perspective?
- What events in your life can you recount with the refrain "for his mercy endures forever"?
- How does this psalm challenge viewing history as random versus providentially unfolding divine faithfulness?
Analysis & Commentary
The moon and stars to rule by night: for his mercy endureth for ever....—Moon and stars for night - creation order testifies to God's faithfulness. For his mercy endureth for ever (כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ, ki le-olam chasdo). This refrain, repeated 26 times, transforms history into worship. Each event becomes evidence of God's eternal chesed (steadfast covenant love). The psalm teaches that recounting salvation history should evoke gratitude, showing God's character remains unchanging.