Psalms 136:21

Authorized King James Version

And gave their land for an heritage: for his mercy endureth for ever:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְנָתַ֣ן
And gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
אַרְצָ֣ם
their land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#3
לְנַחֲלָ֑ה
for an heritage
properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion
#4
כִּ֖י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#5
לְעוֹלָ֣ם
endureth for ever
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#6
חַסְדּֽוֹ׃
for his mercy
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing mercy contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection