Psalms 109:14

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with the LORD; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.

Original Language Analysis

יִזָּכֵ֤ר׀ be remembered H2142
יִזָּכֵ֤ר׀ be remembered
Strong's: H2142
Word #: 1 of 9
properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e., to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
עֲוֹ֣ן Let the iniquity H5771
עֲוֹ֣ן Let the iniquity
Strong's: H5771
Word #: 2 of 9
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
אֲ֭בֹתָיו of his fathers H1
אֲ֭בֹתָיו of his fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 3 of 9
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 9
near, with or among; often in general, to
יְהוָ֑ה with the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה with the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 5 of 9
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וְחַטַּ֥את and let not the sin H2403
וְחַטַּ֥את and let not the sin
Strong's: H2403
Word #: 6 of 9
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
אִ֝מּ֗וֹ of his mother H517
אִ֝מּ֗וֹ of his mother
Strong's: H517
Word #: 7 of 9
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 8 of 9
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תִּמָּֽח׃ be blotted out H4229
תִּמָּֽח׃ be blotted out
Strong's: H4229
Word #: 9 of 9
properly, to stroke or rub; by implication, to erase; also to smooth (as if with oil), i.e., grease or make fat

Analysis & Commentary

Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with the LORD (יִזָּכֵר עֲוֺן אֲבֹתָיו אֶל־יְהוָה, yizacher avon avotav el-YHWH)—the verb זָכַר (zachar, "remember") with עָוֺן (avon, "iniquity, guilt") asks God to hold ancestral sins in active memory for judgment. And let not the sin of his mother be blotted out (וְחַטַּאת אִמּוֹ אַל־תִּמָּח, vechatat imo al-timach)—maternal sin (חַטָּאת, chatat) also retained in the divine ledger.

This echoes Exodus 20:5, "visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me." Critics call this unjust, but covenant theology views families as corporate entities: children who continue parental rebellion inherit parental judgment. Ezekiel 18 clarifies the righteous son doesn't die for the father's sin—but the son who perpetuates that sin bears cumulative guilt. David's enemy evidently continued a family legacy of covenant-breaking; thus ancestral guilt compounds rather than being blotted out by generational repentance.

Historical Context

David himself came from a mixed heritage (Ruth the Moabitess), yet God blotted out any ancestral disqualification through covenant mercy. His enemy receives no such grace because he spurned it—refusing to repent of the family pattern of treachery.

Questions for Reflection