Proverbs 29:21

Authorized King James Version

PDF

He that delicately bringeth up his servant from a child shall have him become his son at the length.

Original Language Analysis

מְפַנֵּ֣ק He that delicately bringeth up H6445
מְפַנֵּ֣ק He that delicately bringeth up
Strong's: H6445
Word #: 1 of 6
to enervate
מִנֹּ֣עַר from a child H5290
מִנֹּ֣עַר from a child
Strong's: H5290
Word #: 2 of 6
(abstractly) boyhood
עַבְדּ֑וֹ his servant H5650
עַבְדּ֑וֹ his servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 3 of 6
a servant
וְ֝אַחֲרִית֗וֹ at the length H319
וְ֝אַחֲרִית֗וֹ at the length
Strong's: H319
Word #: 4 of 6
the last or end, hence, the future; also posterity
יִהְיֶ֥ה H1961
יִהְיֶ֥ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 5 of 6
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
מָנֽוֹן׃ shall have him become his son H4497
מָנֽוֹן׃ shall have him become his son
Strong's: H4497
Word #: 6 of 6
a continuator, i.e., heir

Analysis & Commentary

He that delicately bringeth up his servant from a child—The verb fineq (to bring up delicately, pamper, indulge) suggests excessive softness. Raising a na'ar (youth, child) in luxury without discipline produces unfortunate results: shall have him become his son at the length.

The Hebrew manon (son) at the end is textually difficult; some read it as 'grief' or 'ingratitude.' The wisdom warns against erasing proper boundaries through indulgence—the servant, treated as heir rather than subordinate, eventually claims status he hasn't earned. This applies beyond master-servant contexts to parenting: excessive permissiveness creates entitlement. Proverbs 29:15: 'The rod and reproof give wisdom: but a child left to himself bringeth his mother to shame.'

Historical Context

Ancient households sometimes saw servants rise to positions of trust and even adoption (Genesis 15:2-3, Eliezer). But wisdom warns that unearned elevation through pampering rather than proven character creates problems. Roman households similarly struggled with spoiled slaves who exploited masters' leniency.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics