Proverbs 28:2

Authorized King James Version

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For the transgression of a land many are the princes thereof: but by a man of understanding and knowledge the state thereof shall be prolonged.

Original Language Analysis

בְּפֶ֣שַֽׁע For the transgression H6588
בְּפֶ֣שַֽׁע For the transgression
Strong's: H6588
Word #: 1 of 9
a revolt (national, moral or religious)
אֶ֭רֶץ of a land H776
אֶ֭רֶץ of a land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 2 of 9
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
רַבִּ֣ים many H7227
רַבִּ֣ים many
Strong's: H7227
Word #: 3 of 9
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
שָׂרֶ֑יהָ are the princes H8269
שָׂרֶ֑יהָ are the princes
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 4 of 9
a head person (of any rank or class)
וּבְאָדָ֥ם thereof but by a man H120
וּבְאָדָ֥ם thereof but by a man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 5 of 9
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
מֵבִ֥ין of understanding H995
מֵבִ֥ין of understanding
Strong's: H995
Word #: 6 of 9
to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e., (generally) understand
יֹ֝דֵ֗עַ and knowledge H3045
יֹ֝דֵ֗עַ and knowledge
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 7 of 9
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
כֵּ֣ן the state H3651
כֵּ֣ן the state
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 8 of 9
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
יַאֲרִֽיךְ׃ thereof shall be prolonged H748
יַאֲרִֽיךְ׃ thereof shall be prolonged
Strong's: H748
Word #: 9 of 9
to be (causative, make) long (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

A land's transgression multiplies its princes, but understanding and knowledge bring prolonged rule. The Hebrew 'pesha' (transgression/rebellion) creates political instability—frequent coups and regime changes. Meanwhile, wisdom in ruler and people establishes stable governance. Reformed theology connects national sin to national judgment. Righteous societies enjoy stable, long-lasting leadership; wicked societies suffer chaos and tyranny. This applies to all institutions: righteousness brings stability; sin brings disorder. God governs history, blessing righteousness and judging wickedness.

Historical Context

Israel's northern kingdom exemplified this—19 kings from 9 dynasties in 200 years, many through violent coups, reflecting the nation's covenant unfaithfulness. Judah, more faithful, had greater stability under David's dynasty.

Questions for Reflection