Nehemiah 11:12

Authorized King James Version

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And their brethren that did the work of the house were eight hundred twenty and two: and Adaiah the son of Jeroham, the son of Pelaliah, the son of Amzi, the son of Zechariah, the son of Pashur, the son of Malchiah,

Original Language Analysis

וַֽאֲחֵיהֶ֗ם And their brethren H251
וַֽאֲחֵיהֶ֗ם And their brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 1 of 21
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
עֹשֵׂ֤י that did H6213
עֹשֵׂ֤י that did
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 2 of 21
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הַמְּלָאכָה֙ the work H4399
הַמְּלָאכָה֙ the work
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 3 of 21
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
לַבַּ֔יִת of the house H1004
לַבַּ֔יִת of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 4 of 21
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה were eight H8083
שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה were eight
Strong's: H8083
Word #: 5 of 21
a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
מֵא֖וֹת hundred H3967
מֵא֖וֹת hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 6 of 21
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
עֶשְׂרִ֣ים twenty H6242
עֶשְׂרִ֣ים twenty
Strong's: H6242
Word #: 7 of 21
twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth
וּשְׁנָ֑יִם and two H8147
וּשְׁנָ֑יִם and two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 8 of 21
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
וַֽ֠עֲדָיָה and Adaiah H5718
וַֽ֠עֲדָיָה and Adaiah
Strong's: H5718
Word #: 9 of 21
adajah, the name of eight israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 10 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יְרֹחָ֤ם of Jeroham H3395
יְרֹחָ֤ם of Jeroham
Strong's: H3395
Word #: 11 of 21
jerocham, the name of seven or eight israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 12 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
פְּלַלְיָה֙ of Pelaliah H6421
פְּלַלְיָה֙ of Pelaliah
Strong's: H6421
Word #: 13 of 21
pelaljah, an israelite
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 14 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אַמְצִ֣י of Amzi H557
אַמְצִ֣י of Amzi
Strong's: H557
Word #: 15 of 21
amtsi, an israelite
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 16 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
זְכַרְיָ֔ה of Zechariah H2148
זְכַרְיָ֔ה of Zechariah
Strong's: H2148
Word #: 17 of 21
zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 18 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
פַּשְׁח֖וּר of Pashur H6583
פַּשְׁח֖וּר of Pashur
Strong's: H6583
Word #: 19 of 21
pashchur, the name of four israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 20 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
מַלְכִּיָּֽה׃ of Malchiah H4441
מַלְכִּיָּֽה׃ of Malchiah
Strong's: H4441
Word #: 21 of 21
malkijah, the name of ten israelites

Analysis & Commentary

And their brethren that did the work of the house were eight hundred twenty and two: and Adaiah the son of Jeroham, the son of Pelaliah, the son of Amzi, the son of Zechariah, the son of Pashur, the son of Malchiah,

This verse within Nehemiah 11 addresses themes of sacrifice, community building, strategic living. Repopulating Jerusalem required sacrifice—willingness to leave comfortable situations to strengthen the covenant community. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. Nehemiah's final reforms address recurring covenant violations, demonstrating the ongoing challenge of maintaining spiritual commitment across generations. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection