Judges 6:19

Authorized King James Version

And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וְגִדְע֣וֹן

H1439

And Gideon

gidon, an israelite

בָּ֗א

H935

went in

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

וַיַּ֤עַשׂ

H6213

and made ready

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

גְּדִֽי

H1423

a young goat (from browsing)

עִזִּים֙

H5795

a kid

a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair)

וְאֵיפַת

H374

of an ephah

an ephah or measure for grain; hence, a measure in general

קֶ֣מַח

H7058

of flour

flour

מַצּ֔וֹת

H4682

and unleavened cakes

properly, sweetness; concretely, sweet (i.e., not soured or bittered with yeast); specifically, an unfermented cake or loaf, or (elliptically) the fes

הַבָּשָׂר֙

H1320

the flesh

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

#10

שָׂ֣ם

H7760

and he put

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

#11

בַּסַּ֔ל

H5536

in a basket

properly, a willow twig (as pendulous), i.e., an osier; but only as woven into a basket

#12

וְהַמָּרַ֖ק

H4839

the broth

soup (as if a rinsing)

#13

שָׂ֣ם

H7760

and he put

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

#14

בַּפָּר֑וּר

H6517

in a pot

a skillet (as flat or deep)

#15

וַיּוֹצֵ֥א

H3318

and brought it out

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

#16

אֵלָ֛יו

H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

#17

אֶל

H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

#18

תַּ֥חַת

H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

#19

הָֽאֵלָ֖ה

H424

unto him under the oak

an oak or other strong tree

#20

וַיַּגַּֽשׁ׃

H5066

and presented

to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causati

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Judges. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Judges Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does this verse's emphasis on divine revelation address religious pluralism and questions about the necessity of Christ, and how should the church respond?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of from physical deliverance in the Old Testament to spiritual redemption in the New, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?

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