Joshua 4:13

Authorized King James Version

About forty thousand prepared for war passed over before the LORD unto battle, to the plains of Jericho.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כְּאַרְבָּעִ֥ים
About forty
forty
#2
אֶ֖לֶף
thousand
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
#3
חֲלוּצֵ֣י
prepared
to pull off; hence (intensively) to strip, (reflexive) to depart; by implication, to deliver, equip (for fight); present, strengthen
#4
הַצָּבָ֑א
for war
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
#5
עָֽבְר֞וּ
passed over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#6
לִפְנֵ֤י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#7
יְהוָה֙
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה
unto battle
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#9
אֶ֖ל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
עַֽרְב֥וֹת
to the plains
a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea
#11
יְרִיחֽוֹ׃
of Jericho
jericho or jerecho, a place in palestine

Analysis

Within the broader context of Joshua, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Joshua.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Joshua Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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