Job 7:12

Authorized King James Version

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Am I a sea, or a whale, that thou settest a watch over me?

Original Language Analysis

הֲֽיָם Am I a sea H3220
הֲֽיָם Am I a sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 1 of 8
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
אָ֭נִי H589
אָ֭נִי
Strong's: H589
Word #: 2 of 8
i
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 3 of 8
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
תַּנִּ֑ין or a whale H8577
תַּנִּ֑ין or a whale
Strong's: H8577
Word #: 4 of 8
a marine or land monster, i.e., sea-serpent or jackal
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 5 of 8
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תָשִׂ֖ים that thou settest H7760
תָשִׂ֖ים that thou settest
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 6 of 8
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
עָלַ֣י H5921
עָלַ֣י
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 7 of 8
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִשְׁמָֽר׃ a watch H4929
מִשְׁמָֽר׃ a watch
Strong's: H4929
Word #: 8 of 8
a guard (the man, the post or the prison); a deposit (figuratively); also (as observed) a usage (abstractly), or an example (concretely)

Analysis & Commentary

Job questions why God treats him like dangerous cosmic forces requiring constant surveillance. The 'sea' (yam, יָם) and 'whale' (tannin, תַּנִּין, better translated as 'sea monster' or 'dragon') represent primordial chaos in ancient Near Eastern cosmology. In Canaanite mythology, Yam was the sea god requiring divine restraint. The verb 'settest a watch' (sim mishmar, שִׂים מִשְׁמָר) means to station a guard, suggesting God treats Job as a dangerous threat requiring containment.

Job's rhetorical question protests the disproportion between God's power and Job's frailty. Why does the Almighty deploy such overwhelming surveillance against one finite human? This echoes Psalm 8:4, 'What is man, that thou art mindful of him?' but with bitter irony instead of grateful wonder. Job feels God's attention not as blessing but as oppressive scrutiny.

The imagery anticipates God's later response in chapters 40-41, where Behemoth and Leviathan represent forces only God can control. Job's question—'Am I like these monsters?'—receives unexpected affirmation: yes, human sinfulness resembles chaos requiring divine restraint. Yet God's answer also reveals compassion: He constrains not to destroy but to preserve until redemption accomplishes its work.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern creation myths featured gods battling sea monsters (Tiamat in Babylon, Yam in Canaan). The Bible demythologizes these figures—they're not rival deities but creatures under God's sovereign control (Psalm 74:13-14, Isaiah 27:1). Job's reference shows familiarity with these cultural concepts while maintaining monotheism.

Questions for Reflection