Job 41:27

Authorized King James Version

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He esteemeth iron as straw, and brass as rotten wood.

Original Language Analysis

יַחְשֹׁ֣ב He esteemeth H2803
יַחְשֹׁ֣ב He esteemeth
Strong's: H2803
Word #: 1 of 6
properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a maliciou
לְתֶ֣בֶן as straw H8401
לְתֶ֣בֶן as straw
Strong's: H8401
Word #: 2 of 6
properly, material, i.e., (specifically) refuse haum or stalks of grain (as chopped in threshing and used for fodder)
בַּרְזֶ֑ל iron H1270
בַּרְזֶ֑ל iron
Strong's: H1270
Word #: 3 of 6
iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement
לְעֵ֖ץ wood H6086
לְעֵ֖ץ wood
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 4 of 6
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
רִקָּב֣וֹן as rotten H7539
רִקָּב֣וֹן as rotten
Strong's: H7539
Word #: 5 of 6
decay (by caries)
נְחוּשָֽׁה׃ and brass H5154
נְחוּשָֽׁה׃ and brass
Strong's: H5154
Word #: 6 of 6
copper

Analysis & Commentary

God describes Leviathan's contempt for human weapons. 'Esteemeth iron as straw' (yachshob ke-teben barzel, יַחְשֹׁב כְּתֶבֶן בַּרְזֶל) means it considers the strongest metal as worthless plant matter. 'Brass as rotten wood' (ets riqqabon nechushah, עֵץ רִקָּבוֹן נְחֻשָׁה) compares another durable metal to decayed, useless timber. Both iron and brass/bronze represented the pinnacle of ancient military technology and strength. Leviathan's indifference to them reveals the futility of human might against divinely ordained forces. This verse teaches that human strength, technology, and weaponry are ultimately powerless against spiritual enemies—we need divine armor (Ephesians 6:10-17). It also illustrates God's transcendent power—what overwhelms humanity is trivial to Him. The verse prepares for the New Testament truth that God uses the weak to shame the strong (1 Corinthians 1:27).

Historical Context

Iron Age technology revolutionized ancient warfare and agriculture, making iron symbolize ultimate human strength and progress. Bronze had previously held that status. God's description of Leviathan treating these metals as straw and rotten wood would have shocked ancient hearers by relativizing their greatest technological achievements.

Questions for Reflection

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