Jeremiah 37:10

Authorized King James Version

PDF

For though ye had smitten the whole army of the Chaldeans that fight against you, and there remained but wounded men among them, yet should they rise up every man in his tent, and burn this city with fire.

Original Language Analysis

כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 20
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 2 of 20
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
הִכִּיתֶ֞ם For though ye had smitten H5221
הִכִּיתֶ֞ם For though ye had smitten
Strong's: H5221
Word #: 3 of 20
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 4 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
חֵ֤יל the whole army H2428
חֵ֤יל the whole army
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 5 of 20
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
כַּשְׂדִּים֙ of the Chaldeans H3778
כַּשְׂדִּים֙ of the Chaldeans
Strong's: H3778
Word #: 6 of 20
a kasdite, or descendant of kesed; by implication, a chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people
הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים that fight H3898
הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים that fight
Strong's: H3898
Word #: 7 of 20
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
אִתְּכֶ֔ם H854
אִתְּכֶ֔ם
Strong's: H854
Word #: 8 of 20
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
וְנִ֨שְׁאֲרוּ against you and there remained H7604
וְנִ֨שְׁאֲרוּ against you and there remained
Strong's: H7604
Word #: 9 of 20
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
בָ֔ם H0
בָ֔ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 20
אִ֤ישׁ every man H376
אִ֤ישׁ every man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 11 of 20
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מְדֻקָּרִ֑ים but wounded H1856
מְדֻקָּרִ֑ים but wounded
Strong's: H1856
Word #: 12 of 20
to stab; by analogy, to starve; figuratively, to revile
אִ֤ישׁ every man H376
אִ֤ישׁ every man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 13 of 20
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
בְּאָהֳלוֹ֙ in his tent H168
בְּאָהֳלוֹ֙ in his tent
Strong's: H168
Word #: 14 of 20
a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
יָק֔וּמוּ among them yet should they rise up H6965
יָק֔וּמוּ among them yet should they rise up
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 15 of 20
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
וְשָֽׂרְפ֛וּ and burn H8313
וְשָֽׂרְפ֛וּ and burn
Strong's: H8313
Word #: 16 of 20
to be (causatively, set) on fire
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 17 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָעִ֥יר this city H5892
הָעִ֥יר this city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 18 of 20
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
הַזֹּ֖את H2063
הַזֹּ֖את
Strong's: H2063
Word #: 19 of 20
this (often used adverb)
בָּאֵֽשׁ׃ with fire H784
בָּאֵֽשׁ׃ with fire
Strong's: H784
Word #: 20 of 20
fire (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

For though ye had smitten the whole army of the Chaldeans that fight against you, and there remained but wounded men among them, yet should they rise up every man in his tent, and burn this city with fire—this hyperbolic statement emphasizes the absolute certainty of God's decreed judgment. Even in the impossible scenario where Judah defeated Babylon's entire army, leaving only anashim medukkaim (אֲנָשִׁים מְדֻקָּרִים, wounded/pierced men), those wounded soldiers would still accomplish Jerusalem's destruction.

The imagery is deliberately extreme to make the theological point: Jerusalem's fall does not depend on Babylonian military superiority but on divine decree. God has determined judgment; therefore, no human strategy or military victory can prevent it. The phrase ish be'oholo (אִישׁ בְּאָהֳלוֹ, every man in his tent) pictures incapacitated soldiers barely able to stand, yet they would still succeed because God ordained it.

This teaches a crucial theological principle: when God decrees something, it becomes metaphysically certain regardless of apparent impossibilities. Conversely, when God promises deliverance, no enemy force can prevent it (Romans 8:31). The question is never human strength versus human strength, but whether we align with or resist God's revealed will. Judah's tragedy was fighting against God's purposes rather than submitting to His discipline.

Historical Context

This hyperbole recalls similar prophetic statements emphasizing divine sovereignty: Isaiah declared that even if Israel were 'as the sand of the sea,' only a remnant would return (Isaiah 10:22). Amos proclaimed that fleeing from a lion only to meet a bear illustrates the impossibility of escaping God's judgment (Amos 5:19). Jeremiah used stark imagery throughout his ministry to penetrate hardened hearts. Tragically, Judah's leaders ignored these warnings, trusting in fortifications, alliances, and temple rituals while persisting in covenant unfaithfulness.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People