Ezra 10:44

Authorized King James Version

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All these had taken strange wives: and some of them had wives by whom they had children.

Original Language Analysis

כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 1 of 10
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֵ֕לֶּה H428
אֵ֕לֶּה
Strong's: H428
Word #: 2 of 10
these or those
נָשְׂא֖וּ All these had taken H5375
נָשְׂא֖וּ All these had taken
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 3 of 10
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
נָשִׁ֔ים wives H802
נָשִׁ֔ים wives
Strong's: H802
Word #: 4 of 10
a woman
נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת strange H5237
נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת strange
Strong's: H5237
Word #: 5 of 10
strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful)
וְיֵ֣שׁ and some of them had H3426
וְיֵ֣שׁ and some of them had
Strong's: H3426
Word #: 6 of 10
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
מֵהֶ֣ם H1992
מֵהֶ֣ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 7 of 10
they (only used when emphatic)
נָשִׁ֔ים wives H802
נָשִׁ֔ים wives
Strong's: H802
Word #: 8 of 10
a woman
וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ by whom they had H7760
וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ by whom they had
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 9 of 10
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
בָּנִֽים׃ children H1121
בָּנִֽים׃ children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 10 of 10
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

Analysis & Commentary

All these had taken strange wives—כָּל־אֵלֶּה נָשְׂאוּ נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת (kol-eleh nasu nashim nokriyyot, all these had taken/married foreign/strange women). The נָשָׂא (take/marry) is the same verb used in marriage formulae throughout the OT (Genesis 4:19, 6:2, 11:29). The נָכְרִיּוֹת (foreign women) doesn't merely indicate ethnicity but religious affiliation—women who worshiped other gods, making marriages theological compromise, not mere cultural diversity. Deuteronomy 7:3-4 explicitly forbade such marriages because 'they will turn your sons away from following me to serve other gods.'

And some of them had wives by whom they had children—וְיֵשׁ מֵהֶם נָשִׁים וַיָּשִׂימוּ בָנִים (v'yesh mehem nashim vayyasimu vanim, and there were among them wives, and they had produced children). This brief clause carries immense pathos: the covenant renewal required not just divorcing foreign wives but sending away their children (10:3: 'let us make a covenant with our God to send away all these wives and those born to them'). Modern readers recoil at this apparent cruelty, yet the text insists covenant purity took precedence even over natural affection. The fathers' sin (forbidden marriage) shouldn't have permanent consequences compromising Israel's covenant identity. The children born to these unions represented ongoing connection to paganism that threatened the community's theological integrity. The truncated ending (no resolution statement, no celebration) leaves the book on somber note: covenant faithfulness sometimes requires agonizing sacrifice.

Historical Context

Ezra's book ends abruptly, without typical biblical closure formulae, perhaps because the crisis was fresh and painful, or because the book's purpose was accomplished—documenting the covenant renewal and listing those who complied. The dismissal of wives and children appears harsh but must be understood in Israel's unique covenantal context as God's chosen people through whom Messiah would come. Preserving theological purity wasn't ethnic bigotry but missionary necessity—Israel existed to witness to Yahweh's uniqueness (Deuteronomy 4:6-8). The painful measures taken in Ezra 10 enabled Israel's survival to produce Mary, who would bear Jesus Christ. The genealogy of Matthew 1 (spanning this very period) shows God's preservation of the Messianic line through the remnant's costly faithfulness.

Questions for Reflection