Ezra 10:21

Authorized King James Version

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And of the sons of Harim; Maaseiah, and Elijah, and Shemaiah, and Jehiel, and Uzziah.

Original Language Analysis

וּמִבְּנֵ֖י And of the sons H1121
וּמִבְּנֵ֖י And of the sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 1 of 7
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
חָרִ֑ם of Harim H2766
חָרִ֑ם of Harim
Strong's: H2766
Word #: 2 of 7
charim, an israelite
מַֽעֲשֵׂיָ֤ה Maaseiah H4641
מַֽעֲשֵׂיָ֤ה Maaseiah
Strong's: H4641
Word #: 3 of 7
maasejah, the name of sixteen israelites
וְאֵֽלִיָּה֙ and Elijah H452
וְאֵֽלִיָּה֙ and Elijah
Strong's: H452
Word #: 4 of 7
elijah, the name of the famous prophet and of two other israelites
וּֽשְׁמַֽעְיָ֔ה and Shemaiah H8098
וּֽשְׁמַֽעְיָ֔ה and Shemaiah
Strong's: H8098
Word #: 5 of 7
shemajah, the name of twenty-five israelites
וִֽיחִיאֵ֖ל and Jehiel H3171
וִֽיחִיאֵ֖ל and Jehiel
Strong's: H3171
Word #: 6 of 7
jechiel (or jechavel), the name of eight israelites
וְעֻזִיָּֽה׃ and Uzziah H5818
וְעֻזִיָּֽה׃ and Uzziah
Strong's: H5818
Word #: 7 of 7
uzzijah, the name of five israelites

Analysis & Commentary

And of the sons of Harim; Maaseiah, and Elijah, and Shemaiah, and Jehiel, and Uzziah—this verse continues the priestly list, naming five members of Harim's family. Harim was a priestly division (2:39, 1 Chronicles 24:8), one of the prominent families returning from exile. The listing of five violators from one family suggests covenant compromise may have spread through kinship networks.

The names themselves carry theological irony: Elijah means 'Yahweh is God,' yet he married a woman who likely worshiped other gods. Shemaiah means 'Yahweh has heard,' yet he violated the covenant Yahweh established. Names that proclaimed faith in Yahweh coexisted with actions that denied Him—demonstrating the gap between religious identity and covenant faithfulness.

The proportional representation (five from Harim versus four from Jeshua's family, v. 18) shows the investigation didn't play favorites based on status. Each family received equal scrutiny, and violators received equal publicity regardless of lineage prominence.

Historical Context

Harim's family represented a major priestly division established in David's reorganization of temple service (1 Chronicles 24). The concentration of five violations in one family suggests intermarriage patterns may have followed kinship networks—one compromise leading to others as family members influenced each other. In ancient Israelite culture, marriage alliances often reinforced family economic and political interests, creating pressure to conform to family marriage patterns even when they violated covenant law.

Questions for Reflection