Ezekiel 16:36

Authorized King James Version

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Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because thy filthiness was poured out, and thy nakedness discovered through thy whoredoms with thy lovers, and with all the idols of thy abominations, and by the blood of thy children, which thou didst give unto them;

Original Language Analysis

כֹּֽה H3541
כֹּֽה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 1 of 21
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֞ר Thus saith H559
אָמַ֞ר Thus saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 2 of 21
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲדֹנָ֣י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֣י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 3 of 21
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
יְהוִֹ֗ה GOD H3069
יְהוִֹ֗ה GOD
Strong's: H3069
Word #: 4 of 21
god
יַ֣עַן H3282
יַ֣עַן
Strong's: H3282
Word #: 5 of 21
properly, heed; by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to indicate the reason or cause
הִשָּׁפֵ֤ךְ was poured out H8210
הִשָּׁפֵ֤ךְ was poured out
Strong's: H8210
Word #: 6 of 21
to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc
נְחֻשְׁתֵּךְ֙ Because thy filthiness H5178
נְחֻשְׁתֵּךְ֙ Because thy filthiness
Strong's: H5178
Word #: 7 of 21
copper, hence, something made of that metal, i.e., coin, a fetter; figuratively, base (as compared with gold or silver)
וַתִּגָּלֶ֣ה discovered H1540
וַתִּגָּלֶ֣ה discovered
Strong's: H1540
Word #: 8 of 21
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
עֶרְוָתֵ֔ךְ and thy nakedness H6172
עֶרְוָתֵ֔ךְ and thy nakedness
Strong's: H6172
Word #: 9 of 21
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
בְּתַזְנוּתַ֖יִךְ through thy whoredoms H8457
בְּתַזְנוּתַ֖יִךְ through thy whoredoms
Strong's: H8457
Word #: 10 of 21
harlotry, i.e., (figuratively) idolatry
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 11 of 21
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מְאַהֲבָ֑יִךְ with thy lovers H157
מְאַהֲבָ֑יִךְ with thy lovers
Strong's: H157
Word #: 12 of 21
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
וְעַל֙ H5921
וְעַל֙
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 13 of 21
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 14 of 21
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
גִּלּוּלֵ֣י and with all the idols H1544
גִּלּוּלֵ֣י and with all the idols
Strong's: H1544
Word #: 15 of 21
properly, a log (as round); by implication, an idol
תוֹעֲבוֹתַ֔יִךְ of thy abominations H8441
תוֹעֲבוֹתַ֔יִךְ of thy abominations
Strong's: H8441
Word #: 16 of 21
properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e., (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
וְכִדְמֵ֣י and by the blood H1818
וְכִדְמֵ֣י and by the blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 17 of 21
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
בָנַ֔יִךְ of thy children H1121
בָנַ֔יִךְ of thy children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 18 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 19 of 21
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נָתַ֖תְּ which thou didst give H5414
נָתַ֖תְּ which thou didst give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 20 of 21
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָהֶֽם׃ H0
לָהֶֽם׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 21 of 21

Analysis & Commentary

Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because thy filthiness was poured out, and thy nakedness discovered through thy whoredoms with thy lovers, and with all the idols of thy abominations, and by the blood of thy children, which thou didst give unto them; The divine speech formula "Thus saith the Lord GOD" (Adonai YHWH) introduces covenant lawsuit charges. "Filthiness" (nechosheth, נְחֹשֶׁת) literally means bronze/copper but idiomatically refers to menstrual impurity or shameful exposure—what should remain private was publicly displayed.

"Thy nakedness discovered" (גָּלָה עֶרְוָתֵךְ) uses the verb galah (to uncover/reveal) with ervah (nakedness/shame), terminology from Leviticus 18 prohibiting sexual exposure. Jerusalem's idolatrous alliances exposed her shame publicly before the nations. The charge escalates: "and by the blood of thy children, which thou didst give unto them" refers to child sacrifice to Molech in the Valley of Hinnom (2 Kings 16:3, 21:6, Jeremiah 7:31, 19:5).

Three specific indictments emerge:

  1. political prostitution with foreign powers ("whoredoms with thy lovers")
  2. religious idolatry ("all the idols of thy abominations"),
  3. the murder of covenant children through pagan sacrifice.

This triple indictment—political, religious, and moral—demonstrates comprehensive covenant violation deserving comprehensive judgment. The blood of innocent children crying from the ground demanded divine justice (Genesis 4:10).

Historical Context

Archaeological excavations at Hinnom Valley (Tophet) south of Jerusalem have uncovered evidence consistent with child sacrifice—urns containing cremated infant remains. Biblical testimony confirms kings Ahaz and Manasseh practiced this abomination (2 Kings 16:3, 21:6). Jeremiah prophesied judgment specifically for this sin (Jeremiah 7:30-34, 19:1-13).

The practice combined political desperation (appeasing foreign gods to secure alliances), religious syncretism (adopting Canaanite/Phoenician worship), and moral depravity (sacrificing children for perceived national security). Josiah's reform (621 BC) defiled these sites (2 Kings 23:10), but the practice resumed afterward. By Ezekiel's time (593-571 BC), God's patience had expired. The blood of sacrificed children sealed Jerusalem's fate—divine justice would not overlook such heinous covenant violation.

Questions for Reflection

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