Amos 3:13

Authorized King James Version

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Hear ye, and testify in the house of Jacob, saith the Lord GOD, the God of hosts,

Original Language Analysis

שִׁמְע֥וּ Hear H8085
שִׁמְע֥וּ Hear
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 1 of 9
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
וְהָעִ֖ידוּ ye and testify H5749
וְהָעִ֖ידוּ ye and testify
Strong's: H5749
Word #: 2 of 9
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
בְּבֵ֣ית in the house H1004
בְּבֵ֣ית in the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 3 of 9
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב of Jacob H3290
יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב of Jacob
Strong's: H3290
Word #: 4 of 9
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
נְאֻם saith H5002
נְאֻם saith
Strong's: H5002
Word #: 5 of 9
an oracle
אֲדֹנָ֥י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֥י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 6 of 9
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
יְהוִ֖ה GOD H3069
יְהוִ֖ה GOD
Strong's: H3069
Word #: 7 of 9
god
אֱלֹהֵ֥י the God H430
אֱלֹהֵ֥י the God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 8 of 9
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
הַצְּבָאֽוֹת׃ of hosts H6635
הַצְּבָאֽוֹת׃ of hosts
Strong's: H6635
Word #: 9 of 9
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

Analysis & Commentary

Hear ye, and testify in the house of Jacob (שִׁמְעוּ וְהָעִידוּ בְּבֵית יַעֲקֹב, shim'u v'ha'idu b'veit ya'akov)—The Hebrew הָעִידוּ (ha'idu, 'testify, bear witness') is legal language; God calls witnesses against His people. The use of 'Jacob' rather than 'Israel' may emphasize their unchanged carnal nature—still deceivers like their ancestor. Saith the Lord GOD, the God of hosts (נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה אֱלֹהֵי הַצְּבָאוֹת, ne'um Adonai YHWH Elohei hatzva'ot)—triple divine titles underscore absolute authority.

This courtroom scene portrays God prosecuting His covenant lawsuit (riv) against Israel. The same God who delivered them now testifies against them—a tragic reversal. Yet even in judgment, God calls witnesses, maintaining judicial righteousness rather than acting as arbitrary tyrant.

Historical Context

The covenant lawsuit (prophetic riv) was a standard Ancient Near Eastern legal form. God isn't violating His covenant but enforcing it through its curse provisions (Deuteronomy 28-29). This public witness ensures Israel cannot claim ignorance or injustice when judgment falls.

Questions for Reflection