2 Samuel 20:24

Authorized King James Version

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And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:

Original Language Analysis

וַֽאֲדֹרָ֖ם And Adoram H151
וַֽאֲדֹרָ֖ם And Adoram
Strong's: H151
Word #: 1 of 7
adoram (or adoniram), an israelite
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 2 of 7
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַמַּ֑ס was over the tribute H4522
הַמַּ֑ס was over the tribute
Strong's: H4522
Word #: 3 of 7
properly, a burden (as causing to faint), i.e., a tax in the form of forced labor
וִיהֽוֹשָׁפָ֥ט and Jehoshaphat H3092
וִיהֽוֹשָׁפָ֥ט and Jehoshaphat
Strong's: H3092
Word #: 4 of 7
jehoshaphat, the name of six israelites; also of a valley near jerusalem
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 5 of 7
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֲחִיל֖וּד of Ahilud H286
אֲחִיל֖וּד of Ahilud
Strong's: H286
Word #: 6 of 7
achilud, an israelite
הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃ was recorder H2142
הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃ was recorder
Strong's: H2142
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e., to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male

Analysis & Commentary

And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:

This verse contributes to the narrative of Sheba's Rebellion, emphasizing ongoing challenges to authority. Sheba's rebellion demonstrates that David's troubles continue despite Absalom's defeat. The wise woman's intervention prevents unnecessary bloodshed. Theological themes include ongoing resistance to God's appointed leader, the value of wisdom in crisis resolution, the danger of divisive rhetoric, and God's provision of unexpected solutions through unlikely people.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 20 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding ongoing challenges to authority provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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