2 Samuel 18:3

Authorized King James Version

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But the people answered, Thou shalt not go forth: for if we flee away, they will not care for us; neither if half of us die, will they care for us: but now thou art worth ten thousand of us: therefore now it is better that thou succour us out of the city.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר answered H559
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר answered
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 31
to say (used with great latitude)
הָעָ֜ם But the people H5971
הָעָ֜ם But the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 2 of 31
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 3 of 31
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תֵצֵ֗א Thou shalt not go forth H3318
תֵצֵ֗א Thou shalt not go forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 4 of 31
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
כִּי֩ H3588
כִּי֩
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 5 of 31
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 6 of 31
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
נָנ֜וּס away H5127
נָנ֜וּס away
Strong's: H5127
Word #: 7 of 31
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
נָנ֜וּס away H5127
נָנ֜וּס away
Strong's: H5127
Word #: 8 of 31
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 9 of 31
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָשִׂ֤ימוּ they will not care H7760
יָשִׂ֤ימוּ they will not care
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 10 of 31
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
אֵלֵ֣ינוּ H413
אֵלֵ֣ינוּ
Strong's: H413
Word #: 11 of 31
near, with or among; often in general, to
לֵ֗ב H3820
לֵ֗ב
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 12 of 31
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וְאִם H518
וְאִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 13 of 31
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
יָמֻ֤תוּ of us die H4191
יָמֻ֤תוּ of us die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 14 of 31
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
חֶצְיֵ֙נוּ֙ for us neither if half H2677
חֶצְיֵ֙נוּ֙ for us neither if half
Strong's: H2677
Word #: 15 of 31
the half or middle
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 16 of 31
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָשִׂ֤ימוּ they will not care H7760
יָשִׂ֤ימוּ they will not care
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 17 of 31
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ H413
אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙
Strong's: H413
Word #: 18 of 31
near, with or among; often in general, to
לֵ֔ב H3820
לֵ֔ב
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 19 of 31
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 20 of 31
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
עַתָּ֥ה H6258
עַתָּ֥ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 21 of 31
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
כָמֹ֖נוּ for us but now thou art worth H3644
כָמֹ֖נוּ for us but now thou art worth
Strong's: H3644
Word #: 22 of 31
as, thus, so
עֲשָׂרָ֣ה ten H6235
עֲשָׂרָ֣ה ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 23 of 31
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
אֲלָפִ֑ים thousand H505
אֲלָפִ֑ים thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 24 of 31
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וְעַתָּ֣ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֣ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 25 of 31
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
ט֔וֹב of us therefore now it is better H2896
ט֔וֹב of us therefore now it is better
Strong's: H2896
Word #: 26 of 31
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 27 of 31
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תִֽהְיֶה H1961
תִֽהְיֶה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 28 of 31
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לָּ֥נוּ H0
לָּ֥נוּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 29 of 31
מֵעִ֖יר us out of the city H5892
מֵעִ֖יר us out of the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 30 of 31
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
לַעְזֽיר׃ that thou succour H5826
לַעְזֽיר׃ that thou succour
Strong's: H5826
Word #: 31 of 31
to surround, i.e., protect or aid

Analysis & Commentary

But the people answered, Thou shalt not go forth: for if we flee away, they will not care for us; neither if half of us die, will they care for us: but now thou art worth ten thousand of us: therefore now it is better that thou succour us out of the city.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Absalom's Death, emphasizing tragedy of rebellion. Absalom's death despite David's orders demonstrates the tragic consequences of rebellion against God's anointed. The graphic description of Absalom caught in oak branches suggests divine judgment. David's overwhelming grief ("O my son Absalom") reveals parental love even for rebellious children. Theological themes include the tragedy of rebellion, the reality that sin leads to death, parental love's persistence, and the danger of prioritizing family over kingdom responsibilities.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 18 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding tragedy of rebellion provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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