2 Samuel 1:24

Authorized King James Version

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Ye daughters of Israel, weep over Saul, who clothed you in scarlet, with other delights, who put on ornaments of gold upon your apparel.

Original Language Analysis

בְּנוֹת֙ Ye daughters H1323
בְּנוֹת֙ Ye daughters
Strong's: H1323
Word #: 1 of 14
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 2 of 14
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 14
near, with or among; often in general, to
שָׁא֖וּל Saul H7586
שָׁא֖וּל Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 4 of 14
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
בְּכֶ֑ינָה weep over H1058
בְּכֶ֑ינָה weep over
Strong's: H1058
Word #: 5 of 14
to weep; generally to bemoan
הַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶ֤ם who clothed H3847
הַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶ֤ם who clothed
Strong's: H3847
Word #: 6 of 14
properly, wrap around, i.e., (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively
שָׁנִי֙ you in scarlet H8144
שָׁנִי֙ you in scarlet
Strong's: H8144
Word #: 7 of 14
crimson, properly, the insect or its color, also stuff dyed with it
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 8 of 14
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
עֲדָנִ֔ים with other delights H5730
עֲדָנִ֔ים with other delights
Strong's: H5730
Word #: 9 of 14
pleasure
הַֽמַּעֲלֶה֙ who put H5927
הַֽמַּעֲלֶה֙ who put
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 10 of 14
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
עֲדִ֣י on ornaments H5716
עֲדִ֣י on ornaments
Strong's: H5716
Word #: 11 of 14
finery; generally an outfit; specifically, a headstall
זָהָ֔ב of gold H2091
זָהָ֔ב of gold
Strong's: H2091
Word #: 12 of 14
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
עַ֖ל H5921
עַ֖ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 13 of 14
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
לְבוּשְׁכֶֽן׃ upon your apparel H3830
לְבוּשְׁכֶֽן׃ upon your apparel
Strong's: H3830
Word #: 14 of 14
a garment (literally or figuratively); by implication (euphemistically) a wife

Analysis & Commentary

Ye daughters of Israel, weep over Saul, who clothed you in scarlet, with other delights, who put on ornaments of gold upon your apparel.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David Learns of Saul's Death, emphasizing honoring God's anointed, genuine grief. The Hebrew terminology emphasizes David's respect for God's anointed (mashiach, מָשִׁיחַ) even after death. David's lament (vv. 19-27) represents some of Scripture's finest poetry, expressing genuine grief without compromising theological truth about Saul's disobedience. Cross-references to 1 Samuel demonstrate narrative continuity while developing themes of covenant faithfulness and proper mourning.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 1 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding honoring God's anointed, genuine grief provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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